1 00:00:19,029 --> 00:00:16,550 oh i guess 2 00:00:25,429 --> 00:00:19,039 i guess we just do it like this 3 00:00:25,439 --> 00:00:31,109 let's bring them all in 4 00:00:36,950 --> 00:00:33,510 so apollo set a huge standard for what 5 00:00:38,470 --> 00:00:36,960 we were capable of and uh now nasa is 6 00:00:40,389 --> 00:00:38,480 looking to make the next giant leap 7 00:00:42,389 --> 00:00:40,399 deeper into the solar system and putting 8 00:00:43,510 --> 00:00:42,399 people on mars 9 00:00:44,790 --> 00:00:43,520 you know 10 00:00:46,229 --> 00:00:44,800 it's a ways away there's a lot that 11 00:00:47,750 --> 00:00:46,239 needs to be done between now and then i 12 00:00:49,270 --> 00:00:47,760 know we're all in a hurry everybody's 13 00:00:52,869 --> 00:00:49,280 already tweeting wanted to get selfies 14 00:00:54,150 --> 00:00:52,879 hashtag spring break on mars but 15 00:00:56,950 --> 00:00:54,160 it's gonna take a minute and that's and 16 00:00:59,910 --> 00:00:56,960 that's what we want to talk about so um 17 00:01:02,150 --> 00:00:59,920 gosh where do i want to start here 18 00:01:03,189 --> 00:01:02,160 hey jim i've got a question for you 19 00:01:04,630 --> 00:01:03,199 what have we learned what have we 20 00:01:06,230 --> 00:01:04,640 learned about mars so far we've said a 21 00:01:08,710 --> 00:01:06,240 bunch of robotic spacecraft there what 22 00:01:10,390 --> 00:01:08,720 what have we learned is our life there 23 00:01:12,710 --> 00:01:10,400 how soon can humans get there not not 24 00:01:14,630 --> 00:01:12,720 technologically but like from a healthy 25 00:01:15,590 --> 00:01:14,640 bio stand standpoint when can we get 26 00:01:17,109 --> 00:01:15,600 there 27 00:01:19,350 --> 00:01:17,119 well you know from the science fiction 28 00:01:23,749 --> 00:01:19,360 oh wait get into that microphone 29 00:01:27,510 --> 00:01:25,670 what we've been doing scientifically 30 00:01:29,109 --> 00:01:27,520 with our three 31 00:01:31,350 --> 00:01:29,119 orbiters we're sharing one with the 32 00:01:33,109 --> 00:01:31,360 european space agency and and the two 33 00:01:35,830 --> 00:01:33,119 live rovers right now which is 34 00:01:37,910 --> 00:01:35,840 opportunity and curiosity is learning 35 00:01:39,109 --> 00:01:37,920 about mars and its resources and what 36 00:01:41,190 --> 00:01:39,119 we're finding 37 00:01:43,830 --> 00:01:41,200 is mars in its past went through an 38 00:01:45,830 --> 00:01:43,840 enormous global change it had a huge 39 00:01:48,230 --> 00:01:45,840 amount of water it's lost most of that 40 00:01:49,429 --> 00:01:48,240 water but a significant amount of it is 41 00:01:51,429 --> 00:01:49,439 underground 42 00:01:52,950 --> 00:01:51,439 so from a resource perspective when the 43 00:01:54,950 --> 00:01:52,960 astronauts go and they want to bring 44 00:01:56,550 --> 00:01:54,960 their water we're going to tell them 45 00:01:58,469 --> 00:01:56,560 bring a straw because we know where to 46 00:02:04,389 --> 00:01:58,479 go 47 00:02:08,309 --> 00:02:06,230 so from a scientific point of view we're 48 00:02:10,309 --> 00:02:08,319 also looking at the history of mars 49 00:02:12,470 --> 00:02:10,319 we're also looking for resources for 50 00:02:14,550 --> 00:02:12,480 which humans then would be able to live 51 00:02:16,390 --> 00:02:14,560 off the land and we've made enormous 52 00:02:18,229 --> 00:02:16,400 progress in that area 53 00:02:20,630 --> 00:02:18,239 and we have to do that 54 00:02:22,790 --> 00:02:20,640 planetary scientists are the tour guides 55 00:02:23,990 --> 00:02:22,800 so to speak are the pioneers that go out 56 00:02:25,910 --> 00:02:24,000 first 57 00:02:28,229 --> 00:02:25,920 unfortunately going to mars is not like 58 00:02:30,390 --> 00:02:28,239 star trek it's not like go where no 59 00:02:31,750 --> 00:02:30,400 human has gone before the scientists 60 00:02:34,150 --> 00:02:31,760 have to be there we have to learn 61 00:02:36,790 --> 00:02:34,160 everything because we're planning to go 62 00:02:41,270 --> 00:02:36,800 to stay yeah 63 00:02:45,110 --> 00:02:43,990 um so mike i'm pretty excited to talk to 64 00:02:48,869 --> 00:02:45,120 you man 65 00:02:51,030 --> 00:02:48,879 so mike is a uh um uh he was on the 66 00:02:53,589 --> 00:02:51,040 space station a bunch of times twice 67 00:02:54,869 --> 00:02:53,599 once as a commander and he also uh flew 68 00:02:57,589 --> 00:02:54,879 on the final space shuttle flight 69 00:03:02,830 --> 00:02:57,599 endeavor the last the last one before 70 00:03:10,309 --> 00:03:07,110 so 381 days in space 71 00:03:13,509 --> 00:03:10,319 48 hours 37 minutes nine space walks 72 00:03:14,869 --> 00:03:13,519 crushing it just crushing it 73 00:03:18,070 --> 00:03:14,879 what do you think 74 00:03:19,509 --> 00:03:18,080 that like i know i want to spend time on 75 00:03:21,509 --> 00:03:19,519 the iss but what do you think is so 76 00:03:23,509 --> 00:03:21,519 important about us going up there and 77 00:03:25,830 --> 00:03:23,519 doing science what's the value of that 78 00:03:27,750 --> 00:03:25,840 oh man so uh first off i'd like to say 79 00:03:37,509 --> 00:03:27,760 that uh this is the first time nasa's 80 00:03:41,509 --> 00:03:39,430 and and we're all and we're all big fans 81 00:03:43,509 --> 00:03:41,519 like uh like you guys are and and this 82 00:03:47,030 --> 00:03:43,519 is what's really neat about uh comic con 83 00:03:49,350 --> 00:03:47,040 and and uh and nasa it's a natural fit 84 00:03:51,750 --> 00:03:49,360 because we actually you know there's a 85 00:03:54,390 --> 00:03:51,760 lot of fantasy and fiction and and and 86 00:03:57,270 --> 00:03:54,400 inspiration and all the good parts of 87 00:03:59,509 --> 00:03:57,280 humanity using our minds to imagine a 88 00:04:00,949 --> 00:03:59,519 brilliant different awesome future and 89 00:04:02,630 --> 00:04:00,959 that's what we do at nasa we try to 90 00:04:04,789 --> 00:04:02,640 bring that home all right and that's 91 00:04:07,110 --> 00:04:04,799 what we did we uh we had this uh uh 92 00:04:09,429 --> 00:04:07,120 imaginary space station and the movie 93 00:04:12,070 --> 00:04:09,439 2001 and there's other imaginary space 94 00:04:13,990 --> 00:04:12,080 stations out there and then we we we 95 00:04:15,830 --> 00:04:14,000 like we believed it like we fell for it 96 00:04:17,509 --> 00:04:15,840 and it's like we can build one of those 97 00:04:19,270 --> 00:04:17,519 and we did we built we've built this 98 00:04:21,349 --> 00:04:19,280 international space station it's an 99 00:04:23,110 --> 00:04:21,359 orbit around a beautiful planet earth 100 00:04:25,670 --> 00:04:23,120 and uh one of the coolest planets in the 101 00:04:28,310 --> 00:04:25,680 solar system uh mars is awesome not the 102 00:04:30,790 --> 00:04:28,320 just saying planet earth is really cool 103 00:04:32,790 --> 00:04:30,800 we go around planet earth at 17 500 104 00:04:34,150 --> 00:04:32,800 miles an hour once every 90 minutes and 105 00:04:35,909 --> 00:04:34,160 when you take gravity out of a 106 00:04:37,749 --> 00:04:35,919 scientific equation because it's so 107 00:04:39,430 --> 00:04:37,759 dominant all of a sudden you learn a 108 00:04:41,749 --> 00:04:39,440 whole bunch of other things we learn 109 00:04:44,790 --> 00:04:41,759 about the human body we learn about uh 110 00:04:46,550 --> 00:04:44,800 combustion uh already we're making more 111 00:04:48,550 --> 00:04:46,560 and better 112 00:04:50,390 --> 00:04:48,560 efficient engines like gasoline engines 113 00:04:52,070 --> 00:04:50,400 and stuff because we we understood it 114 00:04:54,230 --> 00:04:52,080 aboard we learned about it aboard space 115 00:04:55,270 --> 00:04:54,240 station we have uh other instruments 116 00:04:56,710 --> 00:04:55,280 that are looking out to the whole 117 00:04:59,189 --> 00:04:56,720 universe and we're learning about dark 118 00:05:00,950 --> 00:04:59,199 matter and every time the human beings 119 00:05:02,550 --> 00:05:00,960 have learned more about our universe 120 00:05:04,629 --> 00:05:02,560 we've made life here better on planet 121 00:05:09,670 --> 00:05:04,639 earth i love electricity well those guys 122 00:05:14,390 --> 00:05:11,670 so we uh every time so it makes us 123 00:05:16,950 --> 00:05:14,400 better uh and makes life here better on 124 00:05:18,790 --> 00:05:16,960 planet earth and space station is is is 125 00:05:19,670 --> 00:05:18,800 one first step we have we have a home 126 00:05:21,510 --> 00:05:19,680 base 127 00:05:22,790 --> 00:05:21,520 right around here about our own planet 128 00:05:25,350 --> 00:05:22,800 it's easy enough 129 00:05:27,430 --> 00:05:25,360 easy enough to get up there you know 130 00:05:29,189 --> 00:05:27,440 in a day and come back in a day those 131 00:05:31,909 --> 00:05:29,199 kind of things and so it's great to have 132 00:05:33,990 --> 00:05:31,919 a home base as we get ready to explore 133 00:05:34,870 --> 00:05:34,000 the rest of the universe 134 00:05:45,189 --> 00:05:34,880 yes 135 00:05:52,629 --> 00:05:48,710 earth rules guys are you kidding me well 136 00:05:54,870 --> 00:05:52,639 pluto used to be the coolest planet 137 00:05:56,870 --> 00:05:54,880 no no pluto pluto blew it guys pluto 138 00:05:58,870 --> 00:05:56,880 blew it wait babak i have to ask you 139 00:06:01,749 --> 00:05:58,880 because you're probably one of the few 140 00:06:03,749 --> 00:06:01,759 humans that has landed a car on mars and 141 00:06:05,590 --> 00:06:03,759 i'm just curious because i remember when 142 00:06:07,510 --> 00:06:05,600 i was trying to get my permit to drive 143 00:06:09,990 --> 00:06:07,520 they made me do all kinds of parallel 144 00:06:11,670 --> 00:06:10,000 parking and just non-stop lessons and 145 00:06:13,189 --> 00:06:11,680 what which way is the yielding thing so 146 00:06:14,469 --> 00:06:13,199 did you 147 00:06:16,150 --> 00:06:14,479 was that just the coolest man when you 148 00:06:17,590 --> 00:06:16,160 drop that car it's pretty cool actually 149 00:06:20,710 --> 00:06:17,600 i got my driver's license the same time 150 00:06:22,230 --> 00:06:20,720 i started working at jpl yeah so 151 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:22,240 yeah i now have two driver's licenses 152 00:06:25,189 --> 00:06:24,160 one for mars and one for earth stop it 153 00:06:27,029 --> 00:06:25,199 that would because i would because i 154 00:06:28,870 --> 00:06:27,039 would have to i'd want one really badly 155 00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:28,880 wait so but tell me because curiosity's 156 00:06:32,150 --> 00:06:30,960 been on mars two years now we've learned 157 00:06:33,510 --> 00:06:32,160 a lot what do you think are some of the 158 00:06:34,629 --> 00:06:33,520 primary things that we've learned so i 159 00:06:36,550 --> 00:06:34,639 mean obviously one of the really cool 160 00:06:38,469 --> 00:06:36,560 things like jim mentioned mars has this 161 00:06:39,990 --> 00:06:38,479 incredible past where we think 162 00:06:41,350 --> 00:06:40,000 it was habitable at one point meaning 163 00:06:42,629 --> 00:06:41,360 that life could have survived we don't 164 00:06:44,070 --> 00:06:42,639 know if it existed then and that's some 165 00:06:46,629 --> 00:06:44,080 of the questions we still want to 166 00:06:48,309 --> 00:06:46,639 answer um but also we're really learning 167 00:06:49,749 --> 00:06:48,319 to be like great detectives about mars 168 00:06:51,029 --> 00:06:49,759 like we when we landed with curiosity we 169 00:06:52,550 --> 00:06:51,039 thought we knew what we were doing like 170 00:06:54,950 --> 00:06:52,560 we got this guys 171 00:06:56,629 --> 00:06:54,960 um and then it turns out mars has all 172 00:06:58,390 --> 00:06:56,639 these tricks up at sleeve and the rover 173 00:06:59,749 --> 00:06:58,400 has its own personality 174 00:07:01,270 --> 00:06:59,759 uh 175 00:07:04,629 --> 00:07:01,280 yeah yeah it's not as easy as you think 176 00:07:06,150 --> 00:07:04,639 dealing with a child on mars 177 00:07:07,749 --> 00:07:06,160 and then but we went there and we 178 00:07:09,589 --> 00:07:07,759 learned all these cool things we 179 00:07:11,189 --> 00:07:09,599 basically found out that we had 180 00:07:13,029 --> 00:07:11,199 capabilities on the rover that we hadn't 181 00:07:14,629 --> 00:07:13,039 even anticipated we can do essentially 182 00:07:16,469 --> 00:07:14,639 like isotope getting like carbon dating 183 00:07:18,070 --> 00:07:16,479 on mars now and that's something we 184 00:07:19,510 --> 00:07:18,080 didn't know we even could do when we 185 00:07:21,830 --> 00:07:19,520 launched this mission that's that's the 186 00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:21,840 crazy part so now we're going there with 187 00:07:25,749 --> 00:07:23,440 these new tools these new like you know 188 00:07:27,749 --> 00:07:25,759 thoughts about how to approach mars and 189 00:07:29,749 --> 00:07:27,759 not only gonna you know find where the 190 00:07:31,990 --> 00:07:29,759 cool stuff is on mars with our rover but 191 00:07:33,110 --> 00:07:32,000 hopefully lead to the next rovers having 192 00:07:34,870 --> 00:07:33,120 you know the right set of instruments to 193 00:07:36,390 --> 00:07:34,880 even start looking for life 194 00:07:38,950 --> 00:07:36,400 it is it is so interesting because there 195 00:07:41,510 --> 00:07:38,960 was such uh a concerted effort to get 196 00:07:42,870 --> 00:07:41,520 off the planet to land on the moon and 197 00:07:44,629 --> 00:07:42,880 since then because the political 198 00:07:46,150 --> 00:07:44,639 interests don't seem to be as aligned 199 00:07:48,150 --> 00:07:46,160 with it there seems to be less interest 200 00:07:50,469 --> 00:07:48,160 not only from government organizations 201 00:07:52,710 --> 00:07:50,479 but from the people themselves to to 202 00:07:55,029 --> 00:07:52,720 explore to travel to hit those uh 203 00:07:57,430 --> 00:07:55,039 milestones to if you think that this is 204 00:07:59,510 --> 00:07:57,440 the 45th anniversary of the splashdown 205 00:08:01,110 --> 00:07:59,520 of apollo where are we going to be in 50 206 00:08:02,469 --> 00:08:01,120 years i like to think that we'll be 207 00:08:04,550 --> 00:08:02,479 light years ahead just because of the 208 00:08:06,469 --> 00:08:04,560 exponential growth of technology but 209 00:08:08,469 --> 00:08:06,479 it's it's going to be up to us guys it's 210 00:08:11,029 --> 00:08:08,479 going to be up to us as a species being 211 00:08:12,309 --> 00:08:11,039 interested in doing that if 212 00:08:14,629 --> 00:08:12,319 they're not going to build it unless 213 00:08:15,670 --> 00:08:14,639 we're going to go so um 214 00:08:17,270 --> 00:08:15,680 jim that's actually something i want to 215 00:08:18,629 --> 00:08:17,280 ask you about what 216 00:08:20,550 --> 00:08:18,639 future missions are planned what do you 217 00:08:22,150 --> 00:08:20,560 think that they will do that something 218 00:08:23,110 --> 00:08:22,160 like curiosity on the ground right now 219 00:08:24,790 --> 00:08:23,120 can't do 220 00:08:26,869 --> 00:08:24,800 well we're currently building another 221 00:08:29,430 --> 00:08:26,879 rover very much like curiosity you know 222 00:08:31,830 --> 00:08:29,440 we use that straight crazy sky crane to 223 00:08:34,070 --> 00:08:31,840 land it and we can put one ton down on 224 00:08:36,230 --> 00:08:34,080 the ground and we're scouting out right 225 00:08:37,589 --> 00:08:36,240 now some of the best sites 226 00:08:40,310 --> 00:08:37,599 those sites 227 00:08:43,029 --> 00:08:40,320 for which mars during three and a half 228 00:08:45,590 --> 00:08:43,039 billion years ago was more earth-like 229 00:08:47,110 --> 00:08:45,600 than any other time in its history 230 00:08:48,470 --> 00:08:47,120 and so we're going to do some rock 231 00:08:51,030 --> 00:08:48,480 coring we're going to look and 232 00:08:53,350 --> 00:08:51,040 interrogate those cores and potentially 233 00:08:55,829 --> 00:08:53,360 bring them back and and that's like we 234 00:08:58,070 --> 00:08:55,839 did on the moon brought back samples and 235 00:08:59,910 --> 00:08:58,080 those samples from the moon have really 236 00:09:02,230 --> 00:08:59,920 told us a lot about the origin and 237 00:09:04,389 --> 00:09:02,240 evolution of the earth moon system so 238 00:09:05,829 --> 00:09:04,399 that's our next big step that's really 239 00:09:07,190 --> 00:09:05,839 exciting wait buzz i got to ask you 240 00:09:16,710 --> 00:09:07,200 because you're the only person in this 241 00:09:19,430 --> 00:09:17,829 i've seen 242 00:09:21,990 --> 00:09:19,440 you know i grew up just idolizing you 243 00:09:24,630 --> 00:09:22,000 man you're the coolest and so when i saw 244 00:09:26,870 --> 00:09:24,640 that first video of you uh walking on 245 00:09:28,550 --> 00:09:26,880 the moon um all i could think even as a 246 00:09:31,269 --> 00:09:28,560 child was wow he just looks like he's 247 00:09:33,030 --> 00:09:31,279 skipping and so i want to know 248 00:09:35,030 --> 00:09:33,040 do we blame the lead shoes was that 249 00:09:39,670 --> 00:09:35,040 about the weight of the the gravity or 250 00:09:39,680 --> 00:09:43,430 who had red shoes 251 00:09:46,710 --> 00:09:44,949 well you're the only one that you've 252 00:09:48,070 --> 00:09:46,720 stepped up onto the surface so that that 253 00:09:50,230 --> 00:09:48,080 experience that must have been well 254 00:09:52,230 --> 00:09:50,240 bruce mccandless said uh you've got to 255 00:09:54,790 --> 00:09:52,240 get back inside pretty soon 256 00:09:57,110 --> 00:09:54,800 so i i was thinking ahead yeah and i got 257 00:09:59,990 --> 00:09:57,120 in front of the camera and so i started 258 00:10:01,990 --> 00:10:00,000 doing a kangaroo hop and then move and 259 00:10:05,590 --> 00:10:02,000 change direction with a big heavy 260 00:10:08,949 --> 00:10:05,600 backpack on earth we'd weighed 360 261 00:10:12,070 --> 00:10:08,959 pounds but up there it's only 60 pounds 262 00:10:17,509 --> 00:10:12,080 so when you go to turn why 263 00:10:21,269 --> 00:10:19,430 some guy by the name of newton came up 264 00:10:23,350 --> 00:10:21,279 with that silly idea 265 00:10:26,230 --> 00:10:23,360 that that whack job 266 00:10:28,790 --> 00:10:26,240 so anyway i thought for sure as soon as 267 00:10:31,590 --> 00:10:28,800 i got back people were going to say oh 268 00:10:33,190 --> 00:10:31,600 we measured all your movements up there 269 00:10:35,430 --> 00:10:33,200 and 270 00:10:37,829 --> 00:10:35,440 they came out 271 00:10:39,670 --> 00:10:37,839 not a word 272 00:10:41,190 --> 00:10:39,680 ten years later 273 00:10:43,110 --> 00:10:41,200 some japanese 274 00:10:45,269 --> 00:10:43,120 guy came up to me says i had my 275 00:10:47,509 --> 00:10:45,279 stopwatch on while you were doing that 276 00:10:49,269 --> 00:10:47,519 and it came out just like i had 277 00:10:53,829 --> 00:10:49,279 calculated 278 00:10:58,630 --> 00:10:56,150 wait buzz a lot of uh conversation has 279 00:11:00,470 --> 00:10:58,640 been had about um ellen degeneres's 280 00:11:04,630 --> 00:11:00,480 oscar selfie but you've taken the 281 00:11:08,550 --> 00:11:07,030 yeah but there is a shadow across my 282 00:11:10,470 --> 00:11:08,560 face 283 00:11:12,829 --> 00:11:10,480 listen listen it's hard to get the 284 00:11:15,670 --> 00:11:12,839 lighting right your first time out 285 00:11:17,269 --> 00:11:15,680 this well lovell had to move the 286 00:11:18,389 --> 00:11:17,279 spacecraft around 287 00:11:21,190 --> 00:11:18,399 uh 288 00:11:23,110 --> 00:11:21,200 but this is ultraviolet no less i mean 289 00:11:26,069 --> 00:11:23,120 how many selfie 290 00:11:27,829 --> 00:11:26,079 claimers today i think i think android 291 00:11:29,190 --> 00:11:27,839 android's trying to run that ultraviolet 292 00:11:31,030 --> 00:11:29,200 program but they've been the beta 293 00:11:32,710 --> 00:11:31,040 testing it i don't think iphone has it 294 00:11:34,550 --> 00:11:32,720 yet there's probably an app if we really 295 00:11:37,590 --> 00:11:34,560 think about it wait so bob eck i'm going 296 00:11:40,790 --> 00:11:39,350 humans and robots like that's the future 297 00:11:42,550 --> 00:11:40,800 and i'm not talking about body i'm not 298 00:11:44,389 --> 00:11:42,560 talking about like wearables or body 299 00:11:45,910 --> 00:11:44,399 mods or anything but humans and robots 300 00:11:47,829 --> 00:11:45,920 that's that's really the future in these 301 00:11:49,670 --> 00:11:47,839 situations where it's too dangerous for 302 00:11:50,949 --> 00:11:49,680 us to send a person we're gonna send 303 00:11:52,790 --> 00:11:50,959 robots 304 00:11:53,990 --> 00:11:52,800 so what do you think that looks like as 305 00:11:56,230 --> 00:11:54,000 we get further and further out into the 306 00:11:57,990 --> 00:11:56,240 solar system how soon till i can party 307 00:11:59,590 --> 00:11:58,000 with my own c-3po 308 00:12:01,750 --> 00:11:59,600 i hope so 309 00:12:03,430 --> 00:12:01,760 um i mean the iss already has a handful 310 00:12:05,509 --> 00:12:03,440 of robots there's dexter there's a 311 00:12:06,710 --> 00:12:05,519 robonaut there's kirobo i mean there's a 312 00:12:08,790 --> 00:12:06,720 europe is like the cutest by the way 313 00:12:10,470 --> 00:12:08,800 dexter is kind of the dubious name for 314 00:12:11,990 --> 00:12:10,480 the guy in waiting on the the space 315 00:12:13,350 --> 00:12:12,000 station by the way well it's also creepy 316 00:12:14,949 --> 00:12:13,360 because he's at the end of the canned 317 00:12:16,389 --> 00:12:14,959 arms so he looks like there's just a guy 318 00:12:17,509 --> 00:12:16,399 floating kind of out there with his 319 00:12:18,790 --> 00:12:17,519 little hands 320 00:12:20,870 --> 00:12:18,800 um 321 00:12:22,389 --> 00:12:20,880 but uh you know the the idea that these 322 00:12:23,269 --> 00:12:22,399 guys have already kind of started living 323 00:12:27,030 --> 00:12:23,279 with 324 00:12:29,190 --> 00:12:27,040 some of that experience um but i think 325 00:12:30,710 --> 00:12:29,200 the future you know we have certainly 326 00:12:31,910 --> 00:12:30,720 even from mars we have the idea that we 327 00:12:33,910 --> 00:12:31,920 would send humans and robots together 328 00:12:35,910 --> 00:12:33,920 robots could you know start exploring 329 00:12:37,829 --> 00:12:35,920 could start you know looking for the 330 00:12:39,750 --> 00:12:37,839 preliminary setup of a camp you know for 331 00:12:41,030 --> 00:12:39,760 humans before they get there 332 00:12:42,870 --> 00:12:41,040 and then you would keep operating them 333 00:12:44,870 --> 00:12:42,880 to produce you know food and water and 334 00:12:46,870 --> 00:12:44,880 on supplies like that um and then of 335 00:12:48,470 --> 00:12:46,880 course places beyond mars really that's 336 00:12:50,550 --> 00:12:48,480 the kind of places where it's still 337 00:12:51,670 --> 00:12:50,560 really not safe for humans its timelines 338 00:12:53,750 --> 00:12:51,680 are long 339 00:12:55,990 --> 00:12:53,760 you know radiation gets really harsh as 340 00:12:57,430 --> 00:12:56,000 you go further away especially near 341 00:12:58,629 --> 00:12:57,440 plans like jupiter 342 00:13:00,629 --> 00:12:58,639 and so you know we'll continue with the 343 00:13:02,389 --> 00:13:00,639 robotic exploration past mars and and 344 00:13:04,710 --> 00:13:02,399 hopefully you know in the near front we 345 00:13:06,470 --> 00:13:04,720 get all these cool robots and and 346 00:13:07,670 --> 00:13:06,480 kind of live in work buddies 347 00:13:08,949 --> 00:13:07,680 mike i don't know you have a couple of 348 00:13:10,949 --> 00:13:08,959 things probably to say about living uh 349 00:13:12,470 --> 00:13:10,959 living with robots 350 00:13:14,629 --> 00:13:12,480 you don't mean my former crew mates 351 00:13:17,110 --> 00:13:14,639 right 352 00:13:19,190 --> 00:13:17,120 no uh yeah that's uh it just goes to 353 00:13:21,030 --> 00:13:19,200 show that uh you know humans we're 354 00:13:23,509 --> 00:13:21,040 pretty clever and when we put our minds 355 00:13:24,710 --> 00:13:23,519 to it we can we we can actually figure 356 00:13:27,430 --> 00:13:24,720 out how to make 357 00:13:29,670 --> 00:13:27,440 things work better more efficiently and 358 00:13:31,430 --> 00:13:29,680 and have robots and and and of course 359 00:13:33,910 --> 00:13:31,440 you know just like you were saying it's 360 00:13:35,829 --> 00:13:33,920 that connection again with with science 361 00:13:37,670 --> 00:13:35,839 fiction and with fantasy we you know we 362 00:13:39,269 --> 00:13:37,680 can't imagine a future without robots 363 00:13:41,750 --> 00:13:39,279 and partially is because we've already 364 00:13:42,949 --> 00:13:41,760 imagined uh really cool futures with 365 00:13:44,710 --> 00:13:42,959 robots so 366 00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:44,720 they're definitely going to be to say 367 00:13:48,949 --> 00:13:46,320 you know around to stay and like you 368 00:13:50,710 --> 00:13:48,959 said the technology keeps expanding 369 00:13:52,389 --> 00:13:50,720 exponentially well partially because of 370 00:13:54,550 --> 00:13:52,399 the space program yeah absolutely well 371 00:13:56,550 --> 00:13:54,560 and then generationally we are 372 00:13:57,269 --> 00:13:56,560 innovating consistently like every time 373 00:14:57,430 --> 00:13:57,279 a 374 00:14:58,389 --> 00:14:57,440 this one um we've only got like seven 375 00:15:00,710 --> 00:14:58,399 extras 376 00:15:02,470 --> 00:15:00,720 so no this is uh this is what nasa is 377 00:15:05,430 --> 00:15:02,480 doing right now we have a big picture 378 00:15:07,990 --> 00:15:05,440 plan of of uh with the low earth orbit 379 00:15:09,430 --> 00:15:08,000 by making it accessible and uh we're 380 00:15:11,110 --> 00:15:09,440 doing that with our 381 00:15:12,069 --> 00:15:11,120 private industry partners and it's 382 00:15:13,910 --> 00:15:12,079 really exciting it's called the 383 00:15:16,949 --> 00:15:13,920 commercial crew program and that's going 384 00:15:19,509 --> 00:15:16,959 to allow nasa uh to spend our time 385 00:15:21,110 --> 00:15:19,519 effort money uh to to look beyond low 386 00:15:23,269 --> 00:15:21,120 earth orbit because we know we you know 387 00:15:25,189 --> 00:15:23,279 we we have it under control down here 388 00:15:27,509 --> 00:15:25,199 with uh with our private industry and 389 00:15:30,069 --> 00:15:27,519 then to uh we that'll help us with our 390 00:15:33,910 --> 00:15:32,389 ryan capsule aboard the sls rocket and 391 00:15:35,350 --> 00:15:33,920 that'll get us to uh but that's the 392 00:15:38,790 --> 00:15:35,360 model 393 00:15:41,189 --> 00:15:38,800 right there i mean besides him uh the uh 394 00:15:44,710 --> 00:15:41,199 so 395 00:15:46,150 --> 00:15:44,720 a little bit about the commercial crew 396 00:15:47,750 --> 00:15:46,160 program right now we have three 397 00:15:50,870 --> 00:15:47,760 different companies that are that are 398 00:15:52,870 --> 00:15:50,880 that are uh working uh towards 399 00:15:54,310 --> 00:15:52,880 getting access to low earth orbit they 400 00:15:56,470 --> 00:15:54,320 have different concepts out there one's 401 00:15:59,749 --> 00:15:56,480 a winged vehicle there's two other 402 00:16:00,949 --> 00:15:59,759 companies with capsule ideas they've 403 00:16:02,629 --> 00:16:00,959 they're being brilliant about it it's 404 00:16:03,749 --> 00:16:02,639 going to reduce the cost it's going to 405 00:16:05,670 --> 00:16:03,759 keep things 406 00:16:07,670 --> 00:16:05,680 safe so we can send people and with a 407 00:16:08,949 --> 00:16:07,680 cost reduction we're hoping that a whole 408 00:16:11,430 --> 00:16:08,959 new industry like we did with the 409 00:16:12,949 --> 00:16:11,440 airplane just a hundred years ago uh 410 00:16:14,470 --> 00:16:12,959 airplanes used to be only flown by 411 00:16:16,230 --> 00:16:14,480 government pilots and only the 412 00:16:18,310 --> 00:16:16,240 governments had airplanes and now you 413 00:16:20,230 --> 00:16:18,320 know now there's a whole industry out 414 00:16:21,430 --> 00:16:20,240 there where we can with the airplane 415 00:16:22,790 --> 00:16:21,440 ticket for like i don't know like twelve 416 00:16:24,790 --> 00:16:22,800 hundred dollars you'd go anywhere on 417 00:16:26,550 --> 00:16:24,800 this planet within 24 hours maybe 418 00:16:27,910 --> 00:16:26,560 because of antarctica but i mean that's 419 00:16:30,150 --> 00:16:27,920 the industry and by the way it's one of 420 00:16:31,910 --> 00:16:30,160 america's biggest exports our airplanes 421 00:16:34,829 --> 00:16:31,920 and aerospace kind of things so this is 422 00:16:38,470 --> 00:16:34,839 good for our country it's good for the 423 00:16:40,629 --> 00:16:38,480 planet and we at nasa are are giving our 424 00:16:42,710 --> 00:16:40,639 technical know-how to these companies as 425 00:16:44,230 --> 00:16:42,720 well as some seed money and they're 426 00:16:45,829 --> 00:16:44,240 running with it and yeah that's how they 427 00:16:48,310 --> 00:16:45,839 make the connect system so good you open 428 00:16:52,550 --> 00:16:49,590 there's no there's a lot there's a lot 429 00:16:55,749 --> 00:16:52,560 to be said for that uh so uh 2017 we're 430 00:16:57,990 --> 00:16:55,759 hoping to send uh humans uh off uh off 431 00:16:59,990 --> 00:16:58,000 of this planet on off of american soil 432 00:17:01,430 --> 00:17:00,000 with uh one of our industry partners or 433 00:17:02,710 --> 00:17:01,440 several of our industry partners we'll 434 00:17:04,630 --> 00:17:02,720 see how the contracts all come every 435 00:17:06,949 --> 00:17:04,640 single time i see elon musk i ask him if 436 00:17:08,230 --> 00:17:06,959 they're taking names yet for that list 437 00:17:09,750 --> 00:17:08,240 because there's seven seats on that 438 00:17:11,510 --> 00:17:09,760 capsule four of which are astronauts and 439 00:17:12,789 --> 00:17:11,520 three are civilians and he keeps saying 440 00:17:14,710 --> 00:17:12,799 we're not keeping a list yet and i just 441 00:17:16,470 --> 00:17:14,720 said i'm on that list 442 00:17:17,990 --> 00:17:16,480 on that list 443 00:17:19,669 --> 00:17:18,000 and uh well you're going to be on that 444 00:17:21,270 --> 00:17:19,679 list and and a lot of you guys are going 445 00:17:23,510 --> 00:17:21,280 to be on that list too that if we've if 446 00:17:25,029 --> 00:17:23,520 we've done if we've done our job right 447 00:17:27,510 --> 00:17:25,039 and we're working on it every day at 448 00:17:28,870 --> 00:17:27,520 nasa uh if we've done our job right 449 00:17:30,870 --> 00:17:28,880 that'll be the future that we're going 450 00:17:32,390 --> 00:17:30,880 to see in the next 15 or 20 years and 451 00:17:34,310 --> 00:17:32,400 it's an exciting one and that allows 452 00:17:37,270 --> 00:17:34,320 nasa and then we can talk more about the 453 00:17:39,270 --> 00:17:37,280 orion and go into going to sis means 454 00:17:40,549 --> 00:17:39,280 near lunar space and then uh heading off 455 00:17:41,909 --> 00:17:40,559 to heading off to mars because we're 456 00:17:43,830 --> 00:17:41,919 gonna have a rocket big enough to take 457 00:17:45,190 --> 00:17:43,840 us there it's just time really it's just 458 00:17:46,630 --> 00:17:45,200 time in figuring it out and everybody 459 00:17:48,549 --> 00:17:46,640 being interested in doing it if 460 00:17:52,150 --> 00:17:48,559 everybody if everybody collectively said 461 00:17:53,990 --> 00:17:52,160 hey i want a marriott on the moon 462 00:17:55,190 --> 00:17:54,000 there'd be a marriott on the moon guys 463 00:17:56,549 --> 00:17:55,200 and we'd all figure out a way to get 464 00:17:58,950 --> 00:17:56,559 there and it's not a space elevator i 465 00:18:00,470 --> 00:17:58,960 can tell you that um 466 00:18:01,669 --> 00:18:00,480 so but how do you guys respond and this 467 00:18:03,830 --> 00:18:01,679 is really for everybody how do you 468 00:18:05,510 --> 00:18:03,840 respond when people say sending humans 469 00:18:07,430 --> 00:18:05,520 to mars it's too risky it's too 470 00:18:09,350 --> 00:18:07,440 expensive 471 00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:09,360 lose a lot of life spend a ton of money 472 00:18:13,669 --> 00:18:11,200 why why everything's great here our 473 00:18:17,590 --> 00:18:13,679 planet's awesome 474 00:18:20,870 --> 00:18:19,590 you know in the last 50 years 475 00:18:23,029 --> 00:18:20,880 i mean 476 00:18:26,470 --> 00:18:23,039 earth rules guys why all right earth 477 00:18:28,070 --> 00:18:26,480 rules okay and and uh in the last 500 478 00:18:29,430 --> 00:18:28,080 million years there's been five mass 479 00:18:31,350 --> 00:18:29,440 extinctions 480 00:18:33,110 --> 00:18:31,360 and in many of our scientists and a lot 481 00:18:35,590 --> 00:18:33,120 of our engineers and others even 482 00:18:38,230 --> 00:18:35,600 astronauts uh have said 483 00:18:40,870 --> 00:18:38,240 a single planet species 484 00:18:42,710 --> 00:18:40,880 is not destined to survive that was 485 00:18:44,789 --> 00:18:42,720 stephen hawking 486 00:18:46,390 --> 00:18:44,799 yeah stephen and also a number of 487 00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:46,400 astronauts too and you probably have 488 00:18:51,669 --> 00:18:48,000 said that at least once in your life i'm 489 00:18:57,510 --> 00:18:54,830 no i told him not 200 years about 30 490 00:19:00,230 --> 00:18:57,520 years but indeed 491 00:19:01,909 --> 00:19:00,240 it's all about exploring it's all about 492 00:19:04,470 --> 00:19:01,919 taking the solar system you know the 493 00:19:06,789 --> 00:19:04,480 solar system is ours let's take it if 494 00:19:07,909 --> 00:19:06,799 we're going to move out let's take those 495 00:19:10,070 --> 00:19:07,919 steps 496 00:19:13,029 --> 00:19:10,080 and mars is that next logical stuff for 497 00:19:15,190 --> 00:19:13,039 human exploration we can do this 498 00:19:16,870 --> 00:19:15,200 it's sure it's going to be hard but 499 00:19:18,950 --> 00:19:16,880 we're going to be methodical 500 00:19:20,549 --> 00:19:18,960 we're going to be able to uh put down 501 00:19:21,990 --> 00:19:20,559 the infrastructure that we need we're 502 00:19:23,510 --> 00:19:22,000 going to be able to live off the land 503 00:19:26,150 --> 00:19:23,520 where we can 504 00:19:29,750 --> 00:19:26,160 and we're going to colonize that planet 505 00:19:34,310 --> 00:19:31,190 oh no you can applaud that that's pretty 506 00:19:37,830 --> 00:19:35,990 i think one really cool thing about mars 507 00:19:39,029 --> 00:19:37,840 and even the space station today is 508 00:19:40,630 --> 00:19:39,039 people kind of 509 00:19:41,909 --> 00:19:40,640 feel to realize that these are really 510 00:19:43,669 --> 00:19:41,919 tough things to do that they have to 511 00:19:45,909 --> 00:19:43,679 reuse resources they have to be better 512 00:19:49,190 --> 00:19:45,919 custodians and so the lessons we learn 513 00:19:50,710 --> 00:19:49,200 from iss and from going to mars and 514 00:19:52,789 --> 00:19:50,720 making people survive in places where we 515 00:19:55,510 --> 00:19:52,799 can't just get supplies to them 516 00:19:56,950 --> 00:19:55,520 with fedex 517 00:19:58,310 --> 00:19:56,960 you know that's the kind of lessons that 518 00:19:59,830 --> 00:19:58,320 we also need to learn here on earth and 519 00:20:01,430 --> 00:19:59,840 i think you know mike can probably talk 520 00:20:03,110 --> 00:20:01,440 to this too like you know we have a tiny 521 00:20:04,310 --> 00:20:03,120 i mean of course i haven't been off the 522 00:20:05,270 --> 00:20:04,320 planet guys so i don't know what it's 523 00:20:07,190 --> 00:20:05,280 like but 524 00:20:09,029 --> 00:20:07,200 um you know when you look when you look 525 00:20:10,789 --> 00:20:09,039 back uh i think at our planet you 526 00:20:12,070 --> 00:20:10,799 realize kind of the perspective of it 527 00:20:13,430 --> 00:20:12,080 all and even with the robotic vehicles 528 00:20:14,950 --> 00:20:13,440 when i see like a little speck in the 529 00:20:17,029 --> 00:20:14,960 sky that's earth it's it's a very 530 00:20:19,029 --> 00:20:17,039 powerful movement like feeling for me 531 00:20:21,029 --> 00:20:19,039 but i think realizing that this 532 00:20:22,470 --> 00:20:21,039 exploring space helps make us be better 533 00:20:23,750 --> 00:20:22,480 citizens of our own planet is also a 534 00:20:26,549 --> 00:20:23,760 really 535 00:20:29,669 --> 00:20:26,559 cool part of the whole process 536 00:20:31,190 --> 00:20:29,679 so we can all be like good neighbors 537 00:20:32,870 --> 00:20:31,200 i like that 538 00:20:34,710 --> 00:20:32,880 buzz 539 00:20:36,149 --> 00:20:34,720 you got advice i'm sure some of these 540 00:20:37,510 --> 00:20:36,159 people want to be astronauts and i'm 541 00:20:38,870 --> 00:20:37,520 sure the whole industry is going to 542 00:20:40,950 --> 00:20:38,880 evolve but 543 00:20:42,630 --> 00:20:40,960 like what did it take and mike you can 544 00:20:44,630 --> 00:20:42,640 respond to this too but what did it take 545 00:20:47,990 --> 00:20:44,640 for you like when did you decide that 546 00:20:49,669 --> 00:20:48,000 you wanted to be an astronaut 547 00:20:55,990 --> 00:20:49,679 were you little or were you like a 548 00:20:59,430 --> 00:20:57,750 i'm just kidding are you kidding this is 549 00:21:01,029 --> 00:20:59,440 a super american superhero i'm just 550 00:21:03,510 --> 00:21:01,039 kidding 551 00:21:05,990 --> 00:21:03,520 i i had a good friend at west point 552 00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:06,000 you're behind me ed white 553 00:21:16,310 --> 00:21:13,909 he called me up uh and said uh hey 554 00:21:18,230 --> 00:21:16,320 they're gonna have a new selection in 555 00:21:21,350 --> 00:21:18,240 1962 556 00:21:23,110 --> 00:21:21,360 and i went and got my two-year masters 557 00:21:25,029 --> 00:21:23,120 at michigan and then i went through the 558 00:21:28,549 --> 00:21:25,039 test pilot school and i'm testing 559 00:21:31,750 --> 00:21:28,559 airplanes now at wright-patterson 560 00:21:34,310 --> 00:21:31,760 and i said well ed you know i can shoot 561 00:21:36,630 --> 00:21:34,320 gunnery much better than you can and i'm 562 00:21:38,950 --> 00:21:36,640 at mit now 563 00:21:40,630 --> 00:21:38,960 and uh what's this being a test pilot uh 564 00:21:42,950 --> 00:21:40,640 they don't really care about that i'm 565 00:21:47,270 --> 00:21:42,960 gonna reply too see 566 00:21:50,470 --> 00:21:49,430 but they changed their mind the next 567 00:21:52,630 --> 00:21:50,480 year 568 00:21:56,549 --> 00:21:52,640 and wanted some people with a little bit 569 00:22:00,390 --> 00:21:59,029 no ed was a great pilot 570 00:22:02,710 --> 00:22:00,400 probably would have been one of the 571 00:22:05,110 --> 00:22:02,720 first guys on on the moon 572 00:22:06,070 --> 00:22:05,120 uh if it was up to me and a lot of other 573 00:22:07,190 --> 00:22:06,080 people 574 00:22:10,390 --> 00:22:07,200 um 575 00:22:14,390 --> 00:22:10,400 now in 45 years 576 00:22:16,390 --> 00:22:14,400 the robots have improved quite a bit 577 00:22:19,990 --> 00:22:16,400 now i want you to tell me how much 578 00:22:21,669 --> 00:22:20,000 smarter is the human being now in 45 579 00:22:23,430 --> 00:22:21,679 years 580 00:22:26,870 --> 00:22:23,440 about the same right 581 00:22:29,590 --> 00:22:26,880 okay so we need to rely on robots a 582 00:22:31,590 --> 00:22:29,600 little more now here's an interesting 583 00:22:34,390 --> 00:22:31,600 piece of information 584 00:22:37,029 --> 00:22:34,400 uh i asked steve squires 585 00:22:39,909 --> 00:22:37,039 no i didn't ask him he he told me 586 00:22:40,870 --> 00:22:39,919 uh i said i want to land something right 587 00:22:44,789 --> 00:22:40,880 on 588 00:22:47,830 --> 00:22:44,799 call that a phobos 589 00:22:50,549 --> 00:22:47,840 so so we can look down and uh 590 00:22:52,390 --> 00:22:50,559 and watch the landing site and build 591 00:22:55,350 --> 00:22:52,400 things there 592 00:22:56,870 --> 00:22:55,360 and he said well you just tell me where 593 00:22:58,710 --> 00:22:56,880 where you want it and i'll put it there 594 00:23:01,750 --> 00:22:58,720 for you 595 00:23:03,350 --> 00:23:01,760 well he is a smart guy from cornell but 596 00:23:05,029 --> 00:23:03,360 i think one of the smartest things he 597 00:23:06,950 --> 00:23:05,039 told me was 598 00:23:08,630 --> 00:23:06,960 now when we put 599 00:23:12,549 --> 00:23:08,640 spirit and 600 00:23:13,990 --> 00:23:12,559 opportunity on opposite sides of 601 00:23:16,870 --> 00:23:14,000 mars 602 00:23:20,470 --> 00:23:16,880 maybe 11 12 years ago whenever it was 603 00:23:22,710 --> 00:23:20,480 they were built the last 90 days okay 604 00:23:24,230 --> 00:23:22,720 after five years spirit 605 00:23:26,549 --> 00:23:24,240 got stuck 606 00:23:27,590 --> 00:23:26,559 opportunity's still working 607 00:23:28,870 --> 00:23:27,600 so let's 608 00:23:30,950 --> 00:23:28,880 what he did 609 00:23:32,950 --> 00:23:30,960 take the first five years where both of 610 00:23:36,310 --> 00:23:32,960 them are doing their thing 611 00:23:38,070 --> 00:23:36,320 and we're telling them what to do 612 00:23:40,070 --> 00:23:38,080 one day at a time 613 00:23:41,350 --> 00:23:40,080 and so they plot through whatever 614 00:23:43,029 --> 00:23:41,360 they're doing 615 00:23:45,190 --> 00:23:43,039 we have a pretty good record of what 616 00:23:47,029 --> 00:23:45,200 they did in five years 617 00:23:49,110 --> 00:23:47,039 and he said 618 00:23:52,870 --> 00:23:49,120 now what they did in five years could 619 00:23:56,549 --> 00:23:52,880 have been done in one week 620 00:23:59,110 --> 00:23:56,559 if we had human intelligence in orbit 621 00:24:01,590 --> 00:23:59,120 around mars 622 00:24:02,549 --> 00:24:01,600 now stick that in your pipe and smoke it 623 00:24:06,230 --> 00:24:02,559 i think 624 00:24:09,029 --> 00:24:06,240 that people forget that tells you 625 00:24:12,149 --> 00:24:09,039 something about how we're going to go 626 00:24:15,110 --> 00:24:12,159 and uh and visit and do things 627 00:24:16,710 --> 00:24:15,120 and we've got to get people 628 00:24:20,710 --> 00:24:16,720 to the orbit 629 00:24:23,350 --> 00:24:20,720 of mars uh and sustain them there so 630 00:24:25,590 --> 00:24:23,360 that they can build 631 00:24:27,350 --> 00:24:25,600 a place to live 632 00:24:28,310 --> 00:24:27,360 and it makes a pretty cool machine to 633 00:24:29,990 --> 00:24:28,320 build it 634 00:24:32,950 --> 00:24:30,000 we may need to get them there and bring 635 00:24:35,510 --> 00:24:32,960 them back another group bringing it back 636 00:24:38,149 --> 00:24:35,520 by the third group they're probably 637 00:24:40,549 --> 00:24:38,159 uh pretty well finished 638 00:24:44,310 --> 00:24:40,559 now they know more about what they've 639 00:24:49,190 --> 00:24:46,950 because see we uh 640 00:24:51,350 --> 00:24:49,200 decided what we wanted at the moon not 641 00:24:53,830 --> 00:24:51,360 at mars and we learned how to do that on 642 00:24:57,110 --> 00:24:53,840 the big island of hawaii through uh 643 00:24:58,549 --> 00:24:57,120 geosynchronous satellite to houston we 644 00:25:01,350 --> 00:24:58,559 brought these things together and 645 00:25:03,990 --> 00:25:01,360 assembled them in a complex way 646 00:25:06,870 --> 00:25:04,000 and then redesigned them and all that 647 00:25:09,110 --> 00:25:06,880 so uh that's what we're gonna do for 648 00:25:10,070 --> 00:25:09,120 these guys now the third group that goes 649 00:25:12,149 --> 00:25:10,080 there 650 00:25:14,789 --> 00:25:12,159 they know i'm on that group they know 651 00:25:16,950 --> 00:25:14,799 more about what is down there than 652 00:25:19,430 --> 00:25:16,960 anybody on the world so they're going to 653 00:25:21,430 --> 00:25:19,440 be the first guys to land however many 654 00:25:26,149 --> 00:25:21,440 two four six 655 00:25:31,990 --> 00:25:27,750 get this 656 00:25:33,269 --> 00:25:32,000 18 people per mission 657 00:25:35,190 --> 00:25:33,279 all right i'm one of those 18. i'll 658 00:25:37,190 --> 00:25:35,200 explain it wait bob you can speak to 659 00:25:38,390 --> 00:25:37,200 this because i was out of jpl and we 660 00:25:39,909 --> 00:25:38,400 looked at a bunch of developing 661 00:25:41,430 --> 00:25:39,919 technologies and one of the things that 662 00:25:43,510 --> 00:25:41,440 i saw that was most impressive is that 663 00:25:45,830 --> 00:25:43,520 big crab thing on multiple wheels so 664 00:25:46,870 --> 00:25:45,840 this is an amazing device it's you 665 00:25:48,950 --> 00:25:46,880 probably describe it more detail but 666 00:25:51,110 --> 00:25:48,960 i'll give you the layman's of it it is a 667 00:25:52,950 --> 00:25:51,120 big metal circle with a bunch of arms 668 00:25:55,269 --> 00:25:52,960 each one of the arms has two wheels each 669 00:25:56,789 --> 00:25:55,279 one of those arms comes up independently 670 00:25:58,630 --> 00:25:56,799 and they're the wheels that it supports 671 00:26:00,470 --> 00:25:58,640 on that or that it's supported by but 672 00:26:02,549 --> 00:26:00,480 each one of them is also a tool a 673 00:26:04,630 --> 00:26:02,559 screwdriver means of assembly and so 674 00:26:06,310 --> 00:26:04,640 this thing is eventually meant to land 675 00:26:08,789 --> 00:26:06,320 on the surface 676 00:26:11,590 --> 00:26:08,799 you know to remove its payload and then 677 00:26:13,269 --> 00:26:11,600 construct habitats on the surface and so 678 00:26:15,110 --> 00:26:13,279 between that 679 00:26:16,470 --> 00:26:15,120 3d printing and all these other 680 00:26:18,070 --> 00:26:16,480 technologies that are getting invented 681 00:26:19,029 --> 00:26:18,080 just in these last five years that are 682 00:26:20,390 --> 00:26:19,039 really 683 00:26:21,430 --> 00:26:20,400 like the future looks pretty good what 684 00:26:23,110 --> 00:26:21,440 do you think it's actually going to look 685 00:26:24,789 --> 00:26:23,120 like when we get a mission there yeah i 686 00:26:27,029 --> 00:26:24,799 think this so he's talking about athlete 687 00:26:29,190 --> 00:26:27,039 which is this uh all-terrain hexagonal 688 00:26:30,870 --> 00:26:29,200 uh was it extraterrestrial they worked 689 00:26:33,750 --> 00:26:30,880 real hard to make it happen yeah we look 690 00:26:34,950 --> 00:26:33,760 we look for those acronyms at nasa a lot 691 00:26:36,070 --> 00:26:34,960 that's sort of like that's sort of like 692 00:26:40,870 --> 00:26:36,080 cobra coming up with some of their 693 00:26:44,390 --> 00:26:42,789 uh but yeah the idea is you know with 694 00:26:45,990 --> 00:26:44,400 with the apollo missions right we were 695 00:26:47,830 --> 00:26:46,000 limited even with the rover how far you 696 00:26:49,909 --> 00:26:47,840 could go away from the lander because 697 00:26:51,590 --> 00:26:49,919 you had to be able to walk back to 698 00:26:53,110 --> 00:26:51,600 the lander should something break but 699 00:26:54,390 --> 00:26:53,120 the idea for the future if we want to 700 00:26:55,990 --> 00:26:54,400 explore our planet is to be able to take 701 00:26:58,470 --> 00:26:56,000 our home essentially with us wherever we 702 00:27:00,870 --> 00:26:58,480 go basically you think rv on mars 703 00:27:02,230 --> 00:27:00,880 um and so the athlete is designed to do 704 00:27:03,909 --> 00:27:02,240 that it's supposed to be this like this 705 00:27:06,630 --> 00:27:03,919 vehicle that can come pick up your 706 00:27:07,909 --> 00:27:06,640 little habitat and drive along with you 707 00:27:09,350 --> 00:27:07,919 and explore so i think the future will 708 00:27:11,750 --> 00:27:09,360 look like that it'll be a bunch of rvs 709 00:27:13,190 --> 00:27:11,760 that kind of get to move around and uh 710 00:27:14,789 --> 00:27:13,200 you look like a caravan and then after 711 00:27:19,269 --> 00:27:14,799 we've settled we all get to pilot them 712 00:27:21,669 --> 00:27:20,549 i'm trying to lock in that i'm trying to 713 00:27:22,789 --> 00:27:21,679 lock that hashtag you know what's 714 00:27:24,950 --> 00:27:22,799 followed 715 00:27:26,470 --> 00:27:24,960 yeah mike i would take you on any vessel 716 00:27:31,750 --> 00:27:26,480 absolutely i'm an excellent driver i 717 00:27:34,630 --> 00:27:33,110 i'll be the next driver i'll take driver 718 00:27:36,630 --> 00:27:34,640 guys yeah well that but that's actually 719 00:27:37,990 --> 00:27:36,640 a good question so who 720 00:27:40,390 --> 00:27:38,000 i would go in a second i would go in a 721 00:27:42,230 --> 00:27:40,400 second i i you know the the no return of 722 00:27:43,430 --> 00:27:42,240 it option right now is kind of a 723 00:27:47,590 --> 00:27:43,440 negative just because i've got a lot of 724 00:27:48,950 --> 00:27:47,600 things here that keep me here but 725 00:27:50,710 --> 00:27:48,960 but you know considering it like a 726 00:27:53,029 --> 00:27:50,720 multi-year trip sort of like we were 727 00:27:54,870 --> 00:27:53,039 when we were colonizing when we when we 728 00:27:57,029 --> 00:27:54,880 as a species were branching out off of 729 00:27:58,630 --> 00:27:57,039 our little you know uh uh islands and 730 00:28:00,470 --> 00:27:58,640 peninsulas and 731 00:28:02,389 --> 00:28:00,480 in continents to find our way to other 732 00:28:03,830 --> 00:28:02,399 ones that took months it took years a 733 00:28:05,110 --> 00:28:03,840 lot of people died was developing 734 00:28:06,310 --> 00:28:05,120 technologies 735 00:28:07,830 --> 00:28:06,320 there was a time when we were all on 736 00:28:09,029 --> 00:28:07,840 horseback so 737 00:28:11,110 --> 00:28:09,039 you know what i mean we've come a long 738 00:28:13,110 --> 00:28:11,120 way would you go 739 00:28:15,750 --> 00:28:13,120 i you know i i don't want to leave earth 740 00:28:17,350 --> 00:28:15,760 i like it here i'm happy to send robots 741 00:28:19,029 --> 00:28:17,360 uh they do a great job they take nice 742 00:28:20,549 --> 00:28:19,039 pictures even if you could go to the 743 00:28:22,630 --> 00:28:20,559 moon like you can go to cancun wouldn't 744 00:28:25,190 --> 00:28:22,640 you go i mean if i as long as i can come 745 00:28:27,510 --> 00:28:25,200 back or if there's like a starbucks 746 00:28:29,190 --> 00:28:27,520 somewhere there 747 00:28:31,430 --> 00:28:29,200 no no you can bring those powdered to go 748 00:28:33,590 --> 00:28:31,440 packs okay water then we're good yeah 749 00:28:34,789 --> 00:28:33,600 i'm ready 750 00:28:35,990 --> 00:28:34,799 mike would you go is it do you want to 751 00:28:38,549 --> 00:28:36,000 get back out you want to get back out 752 00:28:39,909 --> 00:28:38,559 there oh i i'd go on a heartbeat and 753 00:28:43,269 --> 00:28:39,919 there are some days at home where my 754 00:28:45,990 --> 00:28:43,279 wife would send me in a heartbeat so 755 00:28:47,510 --> 00:28:46,000 but uh yeah and and and it would be 756 00:28:49,430 --> 00:28:47,520 great if i could bring my family along 757 00:28:51,510 --> 00:28:49,440 because i i kind of liked them and uh 758 00:28:53,350 --> 00:28:51,520 but uh but that isn't that isn't that it 759 00:28:54,870 --> 00:28:53,360 right that we're we're gonna be pioneers 760 00:28:56,870 --> 00:28:54,880 as we go we're not gonna be just uh 761 00:28:58,470 --> 00:28:56,880 we're that generation though and and 762 00:29:00,470 --> 00:28:58,480 we'll uh and we'll 763 00:29:02,310 --> 00:29:00,480 we'll build new uh cities and new places 764 00:29:03,510 --> 00:29:02,320 uh all over our solar system and uh 765 00:29:05,110 --> 00:29:03,520 that's what i think that's what we're 766 00:29:06,710 --> 00:29:05,120 supposed to do and that's that would be 767 00:29:08,389 --> 00:29:06,720 humanity at its best i like to think 768 00:29:10,070 --> 00:29:08,399 there will be a time in a hundred years 769 00:29:11,430 --> 00:29:10,080 when people be like how did they not 770 00:29:13,110 --> 00:29:11,440 want to get out there gosh they just had 771 00:29:14,230 --> 00:29:13,120 to work through to get there jim would 772 00:29:17,350 --> 00:29:14,240 you go oh 773 00:29:20,549 --> 00:29:17,360 absolutely in about 10 years maybe 15 774 00:29:22,710 --> 00:29:20,559 everyone who's selected as an astronaut 775 00:29:25,750 --> 00:29:22,720 is going to have to sign a piece of 776 00:29:27,190 --> 00:29:25,760 paper that if they are successful 777 00:29:30,710 --> 00:29:27,200 they're going to spend the rest of their 778 00:29:33,350 --> 00:29:30,720 life on the surface of mars 779 00:29:34,789 --> 00:29:33,360 do we get extra pay for that 780 00:29:36,870 --> 00:29:34,799 i think it's uh it's the equivalent of 781 00:29:39,430 --> 00:29:36,880 like weekend golden times as far as the 782 00:29:41,350 --> 00:29:39,440 government is concerned 783 00:29:43,669 --> 00:29:41,360 i think yeah i think the non-return is 784 00:29:46,470 --> 00:29:43,679 like equivalent of union golden times on 785 00:29:52,830 --> 00:29:49,190 yeah oh absolutely when you take a look 786 00:29:55,590 --> 00:29:52,840 at what we see on mars it's absolutely 787 00:29:58,070 --> 00:29:55,600 phenomenal there there are 788 00:30:01,029 --> 00:29:58,080 shield volcanoes the size of the state 789 00:30:02,950 --> 00:30:01,039 of missouri there's huge canyons that if 790 00:30:04,789 --> 00:30:02,960 it sat in the united states would go 791 00:30:06,950 --> 00:30:04,799 from la to new york 792 00:30:08,710 --> 00:30:06,960 for which any one of the tributaries 793 00:30:08,710 --> 00:30:09,750 would make the grand canyon look like a 794 00:30:13,830 --> 00:30:11,750 the vistas that we observe and the 795 00:30:16,269 --> 00:30:13,840 things that we see on that planet and 796 00:30:17,990 --> 00:30:16,279 how it's evolved are absolutely 797 00:30:20,630 --> 00:30:18,000 spectacular 798 00:30:22,389 --> 00:30:20,640 those are vistas we always want to see 799 00:30:23,830 --> 00:30:22,399 those are those things on the other side 800 00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:23,840 of the mountain that our 801 00:30:29,590 --> 00:30:26,960 early pioneers did as they moved on and 802 00:30:32,870 --> 00:30:29,600 colonized the united states 803 00:30:34,230 --> 00:30:32,880 you know when we explore we do science 804 00:30:37,830 --> 00:30:34,240 and 805 00:30:40,389 --> 00:30:37,840 when we do that we explore to survive 806 00:30:48,149 --> 00:30:40,399 and that's the next step going to mars 807 00:30:51,510 --> 00:30:49,669 that isn't interesting it's an 808 00:30:52,950 --> 00:30:51,520 interesting question because you know we 809 00:30:55,110 --> 00:30:52,960 only live in our own 810 00:30:56,950 --> 00:30:55,120 lifetime and so it's hard to imagine 811 00:30:58,789 --> 00:30:56,960 things that came tens of millions of 812 00:31:00,630 --> 00:30:58,799 years before us but when you talk about 813 00:31:02,870 --> 00:31:00,640 what mars might have looked like isn't 814 00:31:05,190 --> 00:31:02,880 it possible that it was very similar to 815 00:31:07,350 --> 00:31:05,200 earth that it was incredibly similar so 816 00:31:09,029 --> 00:31:07,360 as we get there not that we haven't 817 00:31:10,789 --> 00:31:09,039 completely done all the archaeology we 818 00:31:11,909 --> 00:31:10,799 need to do on our own planet 819 00:31:13,830 --> 00:31:11,919 but when we get there we're going to 820 00:31:16,070 --> 00:31:13,840 find some really cool stuff 821 00:31:18,310 --> 00:31:16,080 yeah there's no question about that yeah 822 00:31:19,990 --> 00:31:18,320 you know curiosity is sitting in a place 823 00:31:22,470 --> 00:31:20,000 that hasn't changed in three and a half 824 00:31:25,029 --> 00:31:22,480 billion years it's literally in a 825 00:31:27,110 --> 00:31:25,039 location where it's gone back in time 826 00:31:29,269 --> 00:31:27,120 and what we found with curiosity is that 827 00:31:32,149 --> 00:31:29,279 that location had an enormous amount of 828 00:31:34,070 --> 00:31:32,159 water fast moving water in fact that 829 00:31:36,630 --> 00:31:34,080 water could have been drinkable if we 830 00:31:38,630 --> 00:31:36,640 were there at the time if microbes lived 831 00:31:39,909 --> 00:31:38,640 at that time they would flourish and 832 00:31:42,630 --> 00:31:39,919 survive 833 00:31:45,029 --> 00:31:42,640 so we don't really know if there's life 834 00:31:47,669 --> 00:31:45,039 on mars in the past there may even be 835 00:31:50,389 --> 00:31:47,679 life on mars today there's vast amounts 836 00:31:52,710 --> 00:31:50,399 of water and underground aquifers 837 00:31:54,950 --> 00:31:52,720 we see during the summer time certain 838 00:31:57,350 --> 00:31:54,960 craters literally weep 839 00:31:59,669 --> 00:31:57,360 with water briny water flowing down the 840 00:32:02,310 --> 00:31:59,679 edges of these craters 841 00:32:04,389 --> 00:32:02,320 so that's gonna be a water slide guys 842 00:32:06,230 --> 00:32:04,399 that's gonna be like an atlantis resort 843 00:32:08,789 --> 00:32:06,240 and that would be huge because they're 844 00:32:13,350 --> 00:32:08,799 more than a football field in length 845 00:32:17,110 --> 00:32:14,630 you'd have to cross your legs on the way 846 00:32:19,909 --> 00:32:17,120 down on mars 847 00:32:23,590 --> 00:32:19,919 there will be life on mars 848 00:32:25,269 --> 00:32:23,600 by 2040. two decades from the 50th 849 00:32:28,470 --> 00:32:25,279 anniversary 850 00:32:32,310 --> 00:32:28,480 of some guys kicking up dust on the moon 851 00:32:39,990 --> 00:32:33,029 um 852 00:32:43,750 --> 00:32:41,669 what do you think i feel like this is 853 00:32:45,190 --> 00:32:43,760 probably the time when we let the crowd 854 00:32:47,029 --> 00:32:45,200 ask you guys what they want to ask you 855 00:32:49,269 --> 00:32:47,039 there's a microphone here i would say be 856 00:32:50,470 --> 00:32:49,279 civil be civil 857 00:32:52,230 --> 00:32:50,480 don't rush 858 00:33:03,509 --> 00:32:52,240 we probably won't get to everybody but 859 00:33:05,750 --> 00:33:04,549 there you go 860 00:33:09,190 --> 00:33:05,760 can you see the pan can you see the 861 00:33:09,200 --> 00:33:13,590 yes yes you in the cape 862 00:33:13,600 --> 00:33:17,430 oh wait wait hold on let's is the mic on 863 00:33:17,440 --> 00:33:20,789 check check it 864 00:33:27,909 --> 00:33:22,789 almost there 865 00:33:27,919 --> 00:33:32,310 seems to be on 866 00:33:36,070 --> 00:33:33,110 check 867 00:33:47,430 --> 00:33:36,080 here wait wait 868 00:33:47,440 --> 00:33:52,070 all right let's hear it 869 00:33:58,950 --> 00:33:55,350 hi my name is rowan um hi 870 00:34:00,149 --> 00:33:58,960 what made you um good space 871 00:34:03,509 --> 00:34:00,159 to 872 00:34:04,870 --> 00:34:03,519 yeah um 873 00:34:07,750 --> 00:34:04,880 to 874 00:34:09,349 --> 00:34:07,760 buzz aldrin yes sir 875 00:34:11,270 --> 00:34:09,359 she said what made you want to go to 876 00:34:13,750 --> 00:34:11,280 space like when they when they asked you 877 00:34:19,270 --> 00:34:13,760 what made you want to go what inspired 878 00:34:19,280 --> 00:34:32,710 higher faster further 879 00:34:38,149 --> 00:34:36,950 and then it was okay to come back 880 00:34:40,550 --> 00:34:38,159 they were for sure gonna get you back 881 00:34:42,389 --> 00:34:40,560 there i'd like to i'd like to jump in on 882 00:34:44,710 --> 00:34:42,399 that just a second because uh today 883 00:34:46,389 --> 00:34:44,720 we're remembering 45 years ago well i 884 00:34:48,869 --> 00:34:46,399 was two and a half years old so you can 885 00:34:51,589 --> 00:34:48,879 do the math right i was watching buzz 886 00:34:53,349 --> 00:34:51,599 walk on the moon and sir you neil and 887 00:34:55,589 --> 00:34:53,359 then the other apollo guys after you 888 00:34:58,550 --> 00:34:55,599 guys inspired me i remember all the 889 00:35:00,390 --> 00:34:58,560 apollo missions uh after 11 and then i 890 00:35:01,910 --> 00:35:00,400 also remember skylab and that that 891 00:35:04,150 --> 00:35:01,920 inspired me and i'm hoping that what we 892 00:35:11,030 --> 00:35:04,160 do today is inspirational to the next 893 00:35:11,040 --> 00:35:13,990 thank you 894 00:35:19,109 --> 00:35:16,069 does that mean that's a yes you'll sign 895 00:35:23,990 --> 00:35:21,430 hi my name is eric uh i just want to say 896 00:35:25,829 --> 00:35:24,000 first off buzz uh you connect really 897 00:35:27,990 --> 00:35:25,839 well with uh the millennials like you 898 00:35:29,349 --> 00:35:28,000 were on reddit doing an ama like you 899 00:35:31,829 --> 00:35:29,359 connect really well with us and i think 900 00:35:34,230 --> 00:35:31,839 that's incredibly important uh what kind 901 00:35:37,349 --> 00:35:34,240 of opportunities uh do you see you 902 00:35:39,030 --> 00:35:37,359 talked about you know an 18-person crew 903 00:35:41,030 --> 00:35:39,040 going to mars 904 00:35:43,030 --> 00:35:41,040 what opportunities are there for people 905 00:35:45,430 --> 00:35:43,040 who are not scientists or people who are 906 00:35:47,750 --> 00:35:45,440 not astronauts and trained that way 907 00:35:49,349 --> 00:35:47,760 to actually be able to embark on these 908 00:35:52,310 --> 00:35:49,359 missions or get to be a part of these 909 00:35:56,790 --> 00:35:54,630 and that question's for all of you too 910 00:35:59,190 --> 00:35:56,800 let me ask answer part of that 911 00:36:01,750 --> 00:35:59,200 i didn't imply 18 people on one 912 00:36:18,069 --> 00:36:01,760 spacecraft 913 00:36:24,950 --> 00:36:20,870 if i were you i would uh 914 00:36:27,030 --> 00:36:24,960 maybe buy some stock in 915 00:36:28,310 --> 00:36:27,040 in x-core 916 00:36:30,069 --> 00:36:28,320 oh yeah i've seen that i've seen that 917 00:36:31,910 --> 00:36:30,079 plane it's pretty cool 918 00:36:33,910 --> 00:36:31,920 thank you their vehicle is cool 919 00:36:36,390 --> 00:36:33,920 well it's not a good business plan one 920 00:36:38,069 --> 00:36:36,400 one plane one passenger no but that's 921 00:36:40,069 --> 00:36:38,079 more like a that's more like 922 00:36:41,270 --> 00:36:40,079 you just wait and see what their future 923 00:36:42,710 --> 00:36:41,280 plans are 924 00:36:44,550 --> 00:36:42,720 i'm excited about that it's gonna be 925 00:36:46,150 --> 00:36:44,560 it's gonna be outposts and gas stations 926 00:36:47,510 --> 00:36:46,160 and landers all over we're gonna be 927 00:36:49,190 --> 00:36:47,520 landing on asteroids like ben affleck 928 00:36:50,310 --> 00:36:49,200 it's gonna be awesome 929 00:36:53,109 --> 00:36:50,320 hi 930 00:36:55,670 --> 00:36:53,119 my name's dina um and your buzz in your 931 00:36:58,390 --> 00:36:55,680 book mission to mars which i was hoping 932 00:37:00,630 --> 00:36:58,400 to get you to sign um there are many 933 00:37:02,870 --> 00:37:00,640 visionary ideas that seem to be a game 934 00:37:05,349 --> 00:37:02,880 plan for a step-by-step exploratory 935 00:37:06,630 --> 00:37:05,359 development of the moon 936 00:37:09,270 --> 00:37:06,640 near-earth or 937 00:37:11,030 --> 00:37:09,280 objects like asteroids and then 938 00:37:13,190 --> 00:37:11,040 mars and i'm wondering if you have seen 939 00:37:15,589 --> 00:37:13,200 any progress in the stepping stone 940 00:37:18,069 --> 00:37:15,599 projects to that evolution like the 941 00:37:20,230 --> 00:37:18,079 sentinel project or the asteroid bound 942 00:37:23,190 --> 00:37:20,240 missions like president obama spoke 943 00:37:26,710 --> 00:37:23,200 about in the 2010 speech space speech 944 00:37:28,470 --> 00:37:26,720 about asteroid bound missions by 2025. 945 00:37:29,750 --> 00:37:28,480 have you seen progress in any of these 946 00:37:32,310 --> 00:37:29,760 things 947 00:37:35,190 --> 00:37:32,320 well i was just talking to the expert 948 00:37:38,390 --> 00:37:35,200 scientists over here about what the 949 00:37:43,349 --> 00:37:38,400 president did say uh in april of 2010 he 950 00:37:47,430 --> 00:37:45,430 i thought that was a damn good idea 951 00:37:50,230 --> 00:37:47,440 because 952 00:37:51,349 --> 00:37:50,240 the reason that i put it and three other 953 00:37:54,630 --> 00:37:51,359 missions 954 00:37:55,910 --> 00:37:54,640 in my submission a year before to norm 955 00:37:57,109 --> 00:37:55,920 augustine's 956 00:37:58,470 --> 00:37:57,119 commission 957 00:38:01,510 --> 00:37:58,480 was to 958 00:38:04,470 --> 00:38:01,520 check out the spacecraft between it 959 00:38:05,430 --> 00:38:04,480 being at the libration points of the 960 00:38:08,310 --> 00:38:05,440 moon 961 00:38:11,030 --> 00:38:08,320 and before we had confidence to put 962 00:38:12,390 --> 00:38:11,040 people on the moon of mars for a year 963 00:38:14,870 --> 00:38:12,400 and a half 964 00:38:16,150 --> 00:38:14,880 so there were a number of things it was 965 00:38:18,630 --> 00:38:16,160 that mission 966 00:38:19,829 --> 00:38:18,640 to an asteroid was better than a mission 967 00:38:24,390 --> 00:38:19,839 to 968 00:38:26,630 --> 00:38:24,400 something it does something 969 00:38:29,510 --> 00:38:26,640 but it doesn't learn a whole lot about 970 00:38:30,950 --> 00:38:29,520 an asteroid unless you do something else 971 00:38:32,390 --> 00:38:30,960 and that's what i'm trying to tell 972 00:38:34,790 --> 00:38:32,400 people now 973 00:38:37,990 --> 00:38:34,800 before the human mission gets there you 974 00:38:40,790 --> 00:38:38,000 dispatch a robot on a year and a half 975 00:38:43,510 --> 00:38:40,800 mission checking out its solar electric 976 00:38:46,870 --> 00:38:43,520 propulsion and that son of a gun gets 977 00:38:49,349 --> 00:38:46,880 there two days after the humans get 978 00:38:52,230 --> 00:38:49,359 there in about three months and they 979 00:38:55,430 --> 00:38:52,240 stay for 60 days and then they come back 980 00:38:58,310 --> 00:38:55,440 in a year so you've taken two missions 981 00:39:00,790 --> 00:38:58,320 one a robotic mission to an asteroid 982 00:39:03,510 --> 00:39:00,800 which is greatly limited by the 983 00:39:05,829 --> 00:39:03,520 communication time from earth to the 984 00:39:08,230 --> 00:39:05,839 asteroid to tell what the robot should 985 00:39:09,990 --> 00:39:08,240 do and then come back again you take a 986 00:39:12,230 --> 00:39:10,000 human mission there and they can't do a 987 00:39:14,470 --> 00:39:12,240 whole lot they got to come back in 68 988 00:39:17,349 --> 00:39:14,480 but you take two missions and put them 989 00:39:20,150 --> 00:39:17,359 together on the same asteroid and man 990 00:39:21,270 --> 00:39:20,160 you make both of them tremendously 991 00:39:23,030 --> 00:39:21,280 improved 992 00:39:24,069 --> 00:39:23,040 anybody who's seen star trek knows you 993 00:39:26,630 --> 00:39:24,079 don't take a ship out without an 994 00:39:27,990 --> 00:39:26,640 astromech like that's 995 00:39:29,270 --> 00:39:28,000 that's just the way it goes there's a 996 00:39:30,630 --> 00:39:29,280 there's a couple of private companies 997 00:39:32,710 --> 00:39:30,640 that are also developing things like 998 00:39:34,550 --> 00:39:32,720 asteroid mining to try because they're 999 00:39:36,230 --> 00:39:34,560 just huge chunks of resources basically 1000 00:39:37,829 --> 00:39:36,240 orbiting our planet so instead of us 1001 00:39:39,109 --> 00:39:37,839 tearing apart our own planet for you 1002 00:39:40,710 --> 00:39:39,119 know small scraps of things we can go up 1003 00:39:42,870 --> 00:39:40,720 to space and find things that are the 1004 00:39:44,150 --> 00:39:42,880 size of texas and then mine them 1005 00:39:47,910 --> 00:39:44,160 well thank you and thank you for your 1006 00:39:49,270 --> 00:39:47,920 service to our country thank you cheers 1007 00:39:51,430 --> 00:39:49,280 guys we have 1008 00:39:52,470 --> 00:39:51,440 less than 15 minutes left in this panel 1009 00:39:53,750 --> 00:39:52,480 but i'll bet we can get through all 1010 00:39:56,470 --> 00:39:53,760 these questions 1011 00:39:57,990 --> 00:39:56,480 okay i'll be quick then so gentlemen um 1012 00:40:00,310 --> 00:39:58,000 quick question how would you describe 1013 00:40:04,950 --> 00:40:00,320 the feeling the first time you became 1014 00:40:10,950 --> 00:40:06,150 so uh 1015 00:40:16,150 --> 00:40:12,870 right 1016 00:40:18,470 --> 00:40:16,160 my name is zimmerman 1017 00:40:20,470 --> 00:40:18,480 uh buzz is uh 1018 00:40:22,870 --> 00:40:20,480 i think we both shared that the first 1019 00:40:25,270 --> 00:40:22,880 time you get into orbit is uh just as 1020 00:40:27,829 --> 00:40:25,280 cool as the second time and uh and and 1021 00:40:30,230 --> 00:40:27,839 beyond because when you see the planet 1022 00:40:31,670 --> 00:40:30,240 earth when you feel weightless uh it's 1023 00:40:33,510 --> 00:40:31,680 english has a really cool word 1024 00:40:36,150 --> 00:40:33,520 breathtaking i couldn't breathe for 30 1025 00:40:39,510 --> 00:40:36,160 seconds i was so happy buzz how was it 1026 00:40:41,030 --> 00:40:39,520 on your first first time in space 1027 00:40:43,349 --> 00:40:41,040 what was your feeling once you once you 1028 00:40:46,069 --> 00:40:43,359 reached or did the weightlessness in 1029 00:40:47,829 --> 00:40:46,079 actual space compare to the the 1030 00:40:49,589 --> 00:40:47,839 simulated weightlessness that you guys 1031 00:40:52,870 --> 00:40:49,599 trained under 1032 00:40:55,829 --> 00:40:52,880 well i was the first guy to take a 1033 00:40:58,069 --> 00:40:55,839 suggestion by some guys in baltimore 1034 00:40:59,430 --> 00:40:58,079 that maybe we could simulate 1035 00:41:03,030 --> 00:40:59,440 weightlessness 1036 00:41:05,109 --> 00:41:03,040 in neutral buoyancy in a water tank 1037 00:41:07,589 --> 00:41:05,119 having been a scuba diver for almost 10 1038 00:41:10,630 --> 00:41:07,599 years before that i knew that that would 1039 00:41:11,510 --> 00:41:10,640 work very very well 1040 00:41:13,829 --> 00:41:11,520 and 1041 00:41:16,309 --> 00:41:13,839 on the mission that i was on jimmy 12 we 1042 00:41:19,990 --> 00:41:16,319 did have the number one air force 1043 00:41:22,309 --> 00:41:20,000 experiment in the whole gemini program 1044 00:41:24,470 --> 00:41:22,319 the astronaut maneuvering unit and i 1045 00:41:26,950 --> 00:41:24,480 really look forward to 1046 00:41:28,790 --> 00:41:26,960 being able to activate that with all the 1047 00:41:31,910 --> 00:41:28,800 things that i'd practiced in the 1048 00:41:33,990 --> 00:41:31,920 swimming pool in baltimore and 1049 00:41:35,349 --> 00:41:34,000 i was very confident that i could do 1050 00:41:36,870 --> 00:41:35,359 that 1051 00:41:39,349 --> 00:41:36,880 now it's my second 1052 00:41:42,550 --> 00:41:39,359 worst mistake is that i 1053 00:41:43,750 --> 00:41:42,560 allowed nasa to cancel that 1054 00:41:46,230 --> 00:41:43,760 major 1055 00:41:48,230 --> 00:41:46,240 maneuvering unit instead i was doing a 1056 00:41:50,870 --> 00:41:48,240 bunch of mickey mouse things the foot 1057 00:41:53,109 --> 00:41:50,880 restraints were much better 1058 00:41:54,870 --> 00:41:53,119 it's it's a fantasy land when you first 1059 00:41:57,109 --> 00:41:54,880 get into space 1060 00:41:59,589 --> 00:41:57,119 things float around and you 1061 00:42:01,589 --> 00:41:59,599 do all sorts of things with uh 1062 00:42:04,150 --> 00:42:01,599 gumdrops or something nobody tells 1063 00:42:05,829 --> 00:42:04,160 nobody tells you about like the strength 1064 00:42:07,510 --> 00:42:05,839 against inertia though like everyone 1065 00:42:08,390 --> 00:42:07,520 talks about weightlessness as if it's 1066 00:42:10,710 --> 00:42:08,400 like 1067 00:42:12,230 --> 00:42:10,720 so beautiful but i did one of the zero g 1068 00:42:15,829 --> 00:42:12,240 flights that achieves weightlessness 1069 00:42:17,829 --> 00:42:15,839 through uh parables or parabolas and um 1070 00:42:19,670 --> 00:42:17,839 you have full faculty of your strength 1071 00:42:22,870 --> 00:42:19,680 and you can move like a ninja you just 1072 00:42:25,190 --> 00:42:22,880 have no weight on you so it's chaos it's 1073 00:42:27,430 --> 00:42:25,200 just like chaos and then the slightest 1074 00:42:30,230 --> 00:42:27,440 touch of something sends it 1075 00:42:31,990 --> 00:42:30,240 far across your vessel so you really 1076 00:42:36,150 --> 00:42:32,000 have to be just about as still as 1077 00:42:38,870 --> 00:42:36,160 possible for things not to be haywire 1078 00:42:41,510 --> 00:42:38,880 when you're under water you don't fight 1079 00:42:44,790 --> 00:42:41,520 the current you align yourself you do 1080 00:42:49,190 --> 00:42:44,800 things in a very delicate way 1081 00:42:51,190 --> 00:42:49,200 it is not a place for brute force 1082 00:42:53,109 --> 00:42:51,200 that gets you tired and sweaty and all 1083 00:42:54,950 --> 00:42:53,119 that 1084 00:42:57,670 --> 00:42:54,960 right on 1085 00:42:59,670 --> 00:42:57,680 hi there hi um so according to the fermi 1086 00:43:01,270 --> 00:42:59,680 paradox colonization of the galaxy 1087 00:43:03,109 --> 00:43:01,280 should have happened by somebody else 1088 00:43:04,790 --> 00:43:03,119 already oh it already did an alternate 1089 00:43:07,190 --> 00:43:04,800 timeline we split off like uh like 1090 00:43:08,390 --> 00:43:07,200 sliding doors 1091 00:43:09,430 --> 00:43:08,400 we're in like 1092 00:43:11,750 --> 00:43:09,440 i don't know how to calculate the 1093 00:43:13,349 --> 00:43:11,760 dimension but we are somewhere over here 1094 00:43:14,470 --> 00:43:13,359 and then the us colonizing is over here 1095 00:43:15,990 --> 00:43:14,480 so somewhere in between there's like 1096 00:43:17,670 --> 00:43:16,000 seven hundred thousand instances or like 1097 00:43:19,750 --> 00:43:17,680 in possibilities 1098 00:43:22,069 --> 00:43:19,760 um either why do you think the 1099 00:43:24,150 --> 00:43:22,079 colonization of our system by us will be 1100 00:43:33,430 --> 00:43:24,160 successful or why haven't we met anybody 1101 00:43:37,910 --> 00:43:35,829 you know the fermi paradox is all about 1102 00:43:39,349 --> 00:43:37,920 where are they if there is intelligent 1103 00:43:41,030 --> 00:43:39,359 life out there 1104 00:43:43,349 --> 00:43:41,040 and and you know we're taking a good 1105 00:43:44,230 --> 00:43:43,359 look at that we hope to be able to find 1106 00:43:46,630 --> 00:43:44,240 life 1107 00:43:49,349 --> 00:43:46,640 beyond earth which will tell probably 1108 00:43:51,510 --> 00:43:49,359 microbes perhaps at mars 1109 00:43:53,030 --> 00:43:51,520 europa is another fabulous opportunity 1110 00:43:54,630 --> 00:43:53,040 to look at life 1111 00:43:56,150 --> 00:43:54,640 because of the environment seems to be 1112 00:43:58,790 --> 00:43:56,160 just right 1113 00:44:00,710 --> 00:43:58,800 once that occurs we then have the 1114 00:44:02,870 --> 00:44:00,720 feeling that life can be 1115 00:44:05,109 --> 00:44:02,880 everywhere in our solar system and then 1116 00:44:06,630 --> 00:44:05,119 that next question is very pertinent 1117 00:44:08,710 --> 00:44:06,640 where are they 1118 00:44:10,470 --> 00:44:08,720 somebody has to be first 1119 00:44:11,430 --> 00:44:10,480 yeah it might be us 1120 00:44:13,430 --> 00:44:11,440 but 1121 00:44:15,510 --> 00:44:13,440 in reality it might tell us something 1122 00:44:19,190 --> 00:44:15,520 incredibly important and that is 1123 00:44:22,950 --> 00:44:19,200 intelligent life may not live long 1124 00:44:24,470 --> 00:44:22,960 and if we understand that we might be 1125 00:44:26,390 --> 00:44:24,480 able to think about our future 1126 00:44:29,829 --> 00:44:26,400 differently we might be able to as a 1127 00:44:32,710 --> 00:44:29,839 world come together as a world trek out 1128 00:44:36,230 --> 00:44:32,720 go to that go to mars and go beyond 1129 00:44:38,069 --> 00:44:36,240 and and then we'll be the ones uh to to 1130 00:44:39,510 --> 00:44:38,079 visit other places there's a there's an 1131 00:44:41,829 --> 00:44:39,520 interesting paradox on the other side of 1132 00:44:43,910 --> 00:44:41,839 that which is if there is another uh 1133 00:44:46,630 --> 00:44:43,920 life form that is intelligent enough to 1134 00:44:48,390 --> 00:44:46,640 travel beyond its own um uh interstellar 1135 00:44:49,589 --> 00:44:48,400 boundaries why would they want to hang 1136 00:44:51,030 --> 00:44:49,599 out with us when we haven't even figured 1137 00:44:52,950 --> 00:44:51,040 out how to get off our planet you know 1138 00:44:54,550 --> 00:44:52,960 we're still aiming weapons back in our 1139 00:44:56,630 --> 00:44:54,560 own territory so 1140 00:44:58,790 --> 00:44:56,640 you know there's like a million 1141 00:45:01,510 --> 00:44:58,800 answers to that i just wanted to hear 1142 00:45:01,520 --> 00:45:04,870 yes 1143 00:45:09,109 --> 00:45:07,030 hey guys i think that's a very dismal 1144 00:45:20,230 --> 00:45:09,119 thought i don't like it either 1145 00:45:23,589 --> 00:45:21,430 uh the representative of the lantern 1146 00:45:25,510 --> 00:45:23,599 court 1147 00:45:27,750 --> 00:45:25,520 hey guys i'm peter uh it's so cool to be 1148 00:45:29,349 --> 00:45:27,760 here and talk to you guys uh really 1149 00:45:31,829 --> 00:45:29,359 quick one to ask 1150 00:45:33,430 --> 00:45:31,839 buzz and mike what was a personal dream 1151 00:45:35,589 --> 00:45:33,440 that you guys had before going into 1152 00:45:38,150 --> 00:45:35,599 space how did that dream change when she 1153 00:45:39,670 --> 00:45:38,160 got into space and 1154 00:45:45,589 --> 00:45:39,680 what would you say to the kids of today 1155 00:46:23,589 --> 00:45:46,390 i 1156 00:46:25,589 --> 00:46:23,599 and then my dream after that was to do 1157 00:46:28,150 --> 00:46:25,599 it again because it's really it's really 1158 00:46:30,710 --> 00:46:28,160 amazing and and the inspiration or the 1159 00:46:32,230 --> 00:46:30,720 the message for the future explorers out 1160 00:46:33,589 --> 00:46:32,240 there and it doesn't matter what your 1161 00:46:35,990 --> 00:46:33,599 dream is maybe your dreams flying in 1162 00:46:38,069 --> 00:46:36,000 space it's not for everyone but it's 1163 00:46:39,670 --> 00:46:38,079 really cool but if you 1164 00:46:41,349 --> 00:46:39,680 but you know whatever your dream is 1165 00:46:44,069 --> 00:46:41,359 you've got to go for it we are in a 1166 00:46:46,309 --> 00:46:44,079 really awesome land and a time of 1167 00:46:48,390 --> 00:46:46,319 opportunity the there is the whole 1168 00:46:50,790 --> 00:46:48,400 brilliant future out for all of us and 1169 00:46:53,510 --> 00:46:50,800 we just need to work towards our dreams 1170 00:46:57,030 --> 00:46:53,520 and uh and and not be uh you know not 1171 00:46:59,349 --> 00:46:57,040 fall for the setbacks and and really uh 1172 00:47:00,710 --> 00:46:59,359 really go for them and they will it 1173 00:47:02,630 --> 00:47:00,720 takes a lot more hard work than walt 1174 00:47:03,829 --> 00:47:02,640 disney's wants to sell but it does 1175 00:47:05,510 --> 00:47:03,839 require a lot of hard work but your 1176 00:47:07,430 --> 00:47:05,520 dreams can come true i got to go fly in 1177 00:47:09,829 --> 00:47:07,440 space a couple times i got to be a lot 1178 00:47:11,430 --> 00:47:09,839 like buzz he's taller but 1179 00:47:13,270 --> 00:47:11,440 those those i mean those things can 1180 00:47:14,390 --> 00:47:13,280 happen and so don't sell yourself short 1181 00:47:21,030 --> 00:47:14,400 dream big 1182 00:47:24,710 --> 00:47:22,150 did you 1183 00:47:29,349 --> 00:47:24,720 realize if you if you go to mars you 1184 00:47:33,510 --> 00:47:30,950 uh yes from the from the rainbow dash in 1185 00:47:36,950 --> 00:47:34,309 hi 1186 00:47:38,870 --> 00:47:36,960 uh the microphone okay there we go you 1187 00:47:39,670 --> 00:47:38,880 can make it your own move whatever you 1188 00:47:42,230 --> 00:47:39,680 want 1189 00:47:44,870 --> 00:47:42,240 hi i'm natalie and first off 1190 00:47:45,990 --> 00:47:44,880 wow i cannot believe i'm in the presence 1191 00:47:48,950 --> 00:47:46,000 of 1192 00:47:53,670 --> 00:47:48,960 you guys that just makes me want to 1193 00:47:57,190 --> 00:47:55,430 that's what comic con is about right yes 1194 00:47:59,829 --> 00:47:57,200 that is i 1195 00:48:01,829 --> 00:47:59,839 i'm going to try not to freak out um my 1196 00:48:04,309 --> 00:48:01,839 question is to buzz aldrin 1197 00:48:07,190 --> 00:48:04,319 what was your first thought when you 1198 00:48:13,270 --> 00:48:07,200 first stepped on the moon 1199 00:48:16,870 --> 00:48:14,790 some of you may have heard this before 1200 00:48:19,349 --> 00:48:16,880 this way you're laughing 1201 00:48:20,870 --> 00:48:19,359 i could look down my window see and i 1202 00:48:23,910 --> 00:48:20,880 could see nails 1203 00:48:26,470 --> 00:48:23,920 kind of prancing around so 1204 00:48:28,150 --> 00:48:26,480 i knew the checklist really 1205 00:48:30,309 --> 00:48:28,160 didn't have to be 1206 00:48:32,790 --> 00:48:30,319 followed completely because it said when 1207 00:48:35,030 --> 00:48:32,800 you get down to the bottom of the ladder 1208 00:48:38,390 --> 00:48:35,040 that's after you jump back up to make 1209 00:48:40,549 --> 00:48:38,400 sure you can get to that bottom rung 1210 00:48:41,910 --> 00:48:40,559 then you said to hold on and check your 1211 00:48:45,030 --> 00:48:41,920 balance 1212 00:48:46,870 --> 00:48:45,040 i knew i didn't need to do that 1213 00:48:48,630 --> 00:48:46,880 but i had a sense 1214 00:48:51,510 --> 00:48:48,640 down in 1215 00:48:54,710 --> 00:48:51,520 the lower part of my torso 1216 00:48:57,030 --> 00:48:54,720 that maybe it was a time to 1217 00:49:00,870 --> 00:48:57,040 check the leakage of the 1218 00:49:00,880 --> 00:49:05,109 the urine collection device 1219 00:49:05,119 --> 00:49:10,630 some somebody has to have a first 1220 00:49:10,640 --> 00:49:19,910 thank you 1221 00:49:23,109 --> 00:49:21,030 we only have we only have a couple 1222 00:49:27,109 --> 00:49:23,119 minutes left okay hi my name is yvonne 1223 00:49:29,109 --> 00:49:27,119 and i'm here because my husband is 1224 00:49:31,190 --> 00:49:29,119 freaked out with buzz aldrin and he 1225 00:49:34,230 --> 00:49:31,200 couldn't come here because he will start 1226 00:49:36,710 --> 00:49:34,240 probably crying okay so he wants to know 1227 00:49:38,870 --> 00:49:36,720 if there was a shuttle right now that is 1228 00:49:40,790 --> 00:49:38,880 getting gassed up to go to mars will you 1229 00:49:46,790 --> 00:49:40,800 jump on it buzz as long as you could 1230 00:49:51,030 --> 00:49:47,990 would you go to mars if there was a for 1231 00:49:55,430 --> 00:49:51,040 sure a round trip i i i'm not an 1232 00:49:59,109 --> 00:49:56,270 no i 1233 00:50:01,750 --> 00:49:59,119 i really uh 1234 00:50:04,069 --> 00:50:01,760 i do think i do a better job here for 1235 00:50:06,710 --> 00:50:04,079 the future of our country staying right 1236 00:50:09,030 --> 00:50:06,720 where i am just using this and thinking 1237 00:50:14,549 --> 00:50:09,040 about guys going there and you do thank 1238 00:50:18,630 --> 00:50:16,870 are we waiting one more two more okay 1239 00:50:19,990 --> 00:50:18,640 two more two more you should decide 1240 00:50:21,910 --> 00:50:20,000 amongst yourselves who the last question 1241 00:50:28,069 --> 00:50:21,920 is 1242 00:50:29,270 --> 00:50:28,079 into imaginary superheroes i'm honored 1243 00:50:44,790 --> 00:50:29,280 to be here the first time we have real 1244 00:50:48,710 --> 00:50:47,270 my question is that oh go ahead 1245 00:50:50,230 --> 00:50:48,720 i'll go get the question if we got one 1246 00:50:52,230 --> 00:50:50,240 okay the question is we know that uh 1247 00:50:53,670 --> 00:50:52,240 nasa's working on a human-rated career 1248 00:50:55,349 --> 00:50:53,680 exploration vehicle 1249 00:50:58,069 --> 00:50:55,359 but we also know that due to political 1250 00:51:00,069 --> 00:50:58,079 situations russia has stopped u.s 1251 00:51:02,549 --> 00:51:00,079 access to the soyuz craft to get to the 1252 00:51:04,390 --> 00:51:02,559 space station in the future will nasa 1253 00:51:06,230 --> 00:51:04,400 have their human rated program 1254 00:51:08,950 --> 00:51:06,240 functioning and ready 1255 00:51:10,470 --> 00:51:08,960 by the time that occurs and what can the 1256 00:51:13,510 --> 00:51:10,480 people in this audience do to tell their 1257 00:51:14,870 --> 00:51:13,520 politicians that we want it to happen 1258 00:51:16,069 --> 00:51:14,880 from the from the politics side it's 1259 00:51:17,589 --> 00:51:16,079 less about 1260 00:51:19,270 --> 00:51:17,599 us i think because all of our 1261 00:51:21,430 --> 00:51:19,280 disagreements are 1262 00:51:23,109 --> 00:51:21,440 that's so complicated um and by all 1263 00:51:24,470 --> 00:51:23,119 accounts the soyuz is like getting into 1264 00:51:26,069 --> 00:51:24,480 a car accident with a truck by the way 1265 00:51:27,510 --> 00:51:26,079 from what i hear so the way it hits the 1266 00:51:29,430 --> 00:51:27,520 ground every every astronaut stepped out 1267 00:51:30,549 --> 00:51:29,440 of it just like ah 1268 00:51:32,309 --> 00:51:30,559 so but do you want to talk about that 1269 00:51:33,430 --> 00:51:32,319 what nasa is doing in the meantime real 1270 00:51:34,950 --> 00:51:33,440 quick 1271 00:51:37,430 --> 00:51:34,960 because we're running out of time but 1272 00:51:39,430 --> 00:51:37,440 but uh we have a great relationship with 1273 00:51:40,870 --> 00:51:39,440 russians in space in fact it's one of 1274 00:51:42,549 --> 00:51:40,880 the um 1275 00:51:43,750 --> 00:51:42,559 symbols of our two countries able to 1276 00:51:45,349 --> 00:51:43,760 work together and if we can work 1277 00:51:47,270 --> 00:51:45,359 together then you know then the rest of 1278 00:51:49,109 --> 00:51:47,280 the planet can work together so let's 1279 00:51:50,870 --> 00:51:49,119 you know we definitely keep that in mind 1280 00:51:53,030 --> 00:51:50,880 the russians are still letting us fly on 1281 00:51:55,670 --> 00:51:53,040 soyuz we're having another launch coming 1282 00:51:57,349 --> 00:51:55,680 up pretty soon and we're going to con 1283 00:51:58,710 --> 00:51:57,359 we're still planning on flying with them 1284 00:52:01,589 --> 00:51:58,720 we have the commercial crew program 1285 00:52:03,510 --> 00:52:01,599 that's going to get us in 2017 to 1286 00:52:05,589 --> 00:52:03,520 low earth orbit to the space station so 1287 00:52:07,670 --> 00:52:05,599 that's uh that's going to happen with uh 1288 00:52:09,589 --> 00:52:07,680 one or two or three of uh companies that 1289 00:52:12,630 --> 00:52:09,599 have been working on it and then we got 1290 00:52:14,710 --> 00:52:12,640 the crew exploration vehicle uh uh 1291 00:52:16,470 --> 00:52:14,720 orion right right orion's are really 1292 00:52:19,190 --> 00:52:16,480 awesome it's gonna take us beyond low 1293 00:52:22,150 --> 00:52:19,200 earth orbit to the moon 1294 00:52:23,829 --> 00:52:22,160 moon orbits lunar space as well as to 1295 00:52:25,670 --> 00:52:23,839 this asteroid that we talked about with 1296 00:52:27,589 --> 00:52:25,680 the asteroid redirect mission and 1297 00:52:29,750 --> 00:52:27,599 eventually the the orion is going to be 1298 00:52:31,030 --> 00:52:29,760 able to take us to mars so these things 1299 00:52:32,630 --> 00:52:31,040 are you know these are things are 1300 00:52:35,030 --> 00:52:32,640 happening they're happening now and it's 1301 00:52:36,390 --> 00:52:35,040 not theoretical it's real and it's a 1302 00:52:37,829 --> 00:52:36,400 real exciting that's actually a really 1303 00:52:40,069 --> 00:52:37,839 great point just speaking about the 1304 00:52:41,829 --> 00:52:40,079 international um cooperation of the 1305 00:52:44,069 --> 00:52:41,839 space station it really is the greatest 1306 00:52:45,990 --> 00:52:44,079 symbol of how well people from all 1307 00:52:47,270 --> 00:52:46,000 different places on this planet with all 1308 00:52:49,270 --> 00:52:47,280 different beliefs and philosophies can 1309 00:52:51,430 --> 00:52:49,280 work together to achieve a single goal 1310 00:52:53,030 --> 00:52:51,440 which is human you know 1311 00:52:55,670 --> 00:52:53,040 further exploration of space and human 1312 00:52:57,750 --> 00:52:55,680 preservation all right one more hi my 1313 00:52:58,950 --> 00:52:57,760 name is elizabeth and my question is i 1314 00:53:01,349 --> 00:52:58,960 know you guys have talked a lot about 1315 00:53:03,030 --> 00:53:01,359 mars and going back to lo going to low 1316 00:53:05,109 --> 00:53:03,040 earth orbit but are there any plans to 1317 00:53:07,829 --> 00:53:05,119 go back to the outer solar system and to 1318 00:53:09,510 --> 00:53:07,839 send more orbiting probes to uranus and 1319 00:53:11,589 --> 00:53:09,520 neptune 1320 00:53:12,829 --> 00:53:11,599 so like a voyager kind of thing 1321 00:53:14,710 --> 00:53:12,839 yeah 1322 00:53:17,829 --> 00:53:14,720 indeed now we have a spacecraft called 1323 00:53:20,069 --> 00:53:17,839 juno that's well on its way to jupiter 1324 00:53:22,230 --> 00:53:20,079 and in 2016 we're going to insert it in 1325 00:53:23,829 --> 00:53:22,240 orbit and we're going to see some 1326 00:53:26,150 --> 00:53:23,839 fabulous vistas from from that 1327 00:53:28,710 --> 00:53:26,160 spacecraft we have another spacecraft 1328 00:53:31,349 --> 00:53:28,720 called dawn that's using the first set 1329 00:53:33,589 --> 00:53:31,359 of ion engines for scientific purposes 1330 00:53:36,470 --> 00:53:33,599 making its way to a huge asteroid the 1331 00:53:38,150 --> 00:53:36,480 largest asteroid called ceres 1332 00:53:41,030 --> 00:53:38,160 and that will happen in 1333 00:53:43,430 --> 00:53:41,040 march of next year in july of next year 1334 00:53:45,349 --> 00:53:43,440 we're going to fly by the pluto system 1335 00:53:47,589 --> 00:53:45,359 and we're going to be able to see 1336 00:53:49,990 --> 00:53:47,599 what these outer regions of our solar 1337 00:53:51,430 --> 00:53:50,000 system look like now we have another set 1338 00:53:53,109 --> 00:53:51,440 of missions that are on the books that 1339 00:53:55,030 --> 00:53:53,119 we're working on we're talking about 1340 00:53:56,549 --> 00:53:55,040 going to europa and we would like to see 1341 00:53:58,790 --> 00:53:56,559 that happen 1342 00:54:03,750 --> 00:53:58,800 and so 1343 00:54:06,549 --> 00:54:04,710 that's me 1344 00:54:07,670 --> 00:54:06,559 is that for me okay 1345 00:54:08,950 --> 00:54:07,680 great great great good i've done this 1346 00:54:11,349 --> 00:54:08,960 right then okay guys this is the end of 1347 00:54:13,589 --> 00:54:11,359 it we have a special surprise for you uh 1348 00:54:16,069 --> 00:54:13,599 wife of apollo 12 pete conrad nancy 1349 00:54:24,390 --> 00:54:16,079 conrad is here 1350 00:54:27,990 --> 00:54:25,750 hi everybody 1351 00:54:30,870 --> 00:54:28,000 um as some of you may know i'm the chair 1352 00:54:33,589 --> 00:54:30,880 and founder of the conrad foundation and 1353 00:54:37,430 --> 00:54:33,599 we host a global competition for 1354 00:54:39,589 --> 00:54:37,440 students from the age of 13 to 25 1355 00:54:41,430 --> 00:54:39,599 and we invite you to create commercially 1356 00:54:43,510 --> 00:54:41,440 viable products 1357 00:54:45,829 --> 00:54:43,520 using stem science technology 1358 00:54:49,030 --> 00:54:45,839 engineering and math and we work in four 1359 00:54:51,430 --> 00:54:49,040 categories energy cyber 1360 00:54:53,990 --> 00:54:51,440 aerospace and health 1361 00:54:56,230 --> 00:54:54,000 and this year in partnership with nasa 1362 00:54:58,870 --> 00:54:56,240 this is so exciting 1363 00:55:01,910 --> 00:54:58,880 we are offering a special competition 1364 00:55:03,990 --> 00:55:01,920 called giant leap to mars 1365 00:55:06,150 --> 00:55:04,000 and the giant leap of course is the bow 1366 00:55:08,950 --> 00:55:06,160 to the 45th anniversary of our lunar 1367 00:55:10,549 --> 00:55:08,960 landings and as most of you know my late 1368 00:55:20,230 --> 00:55:10,559 husband was the third guy to walk on the 1369 00:55:25,349 --> 00:55:22,790 and his first words were whoopi that's a 1370 00:55:28,870 --> 00:55:25,359 whole other story go look it up 1371 00:55:30,710 --> 00:55:28,880 so part of giant leap to mars which is 1372 00:55:31,910 --> 00:55:30,720 just i'm so excited to share this with 1373 00:55:34,549 --> 00:55:31,920 you guys 1374 00:55:37,030 --> 00:55:34,559 is the word inspiration came up today 1375 00:55:39,430 --> 00:55:37,040 and we've been talking about mars so 1376 00:55:41,510 --> 00:55:39,440 we're going to invite you 1377 00:55:44,309 --> 00:55:41,520 to come into our competition just sign 1378 00:55:45,829 --> 00:55:44,319 up it's on conrad awards dot org it's 1379 00:55:49,510 --> 00:55:45,839 all on the internet 1380 00:55:53,670 --> 00:55:49,520 to create a comic book okay 1381 00:55:56,069 --> 00:55:53,680 i published one 20 years ago called 1382 00:55:58,390 --> 00:55:56,079 moonshot the flight of apollo 12 and i 1383 00:56:00,069 --> 00:55:58,400 dragged pete conrad here and he said 1384 00:56:02,470 --> 00:56:00,079 he'd come for a day and we were here for 1385 00:56:05,670 --> 00:56:02,480 five we had a blast 1386 00:56:07,589 --> 00:56:05,680 and so you guys are gonna have your own 1387 00:56:08,789 --> 00:56:07,599 moonshot you're gonna be able to write a 1388 00:56:11,430 --> 00:56:08,799 comic book 1389 00:56:13,589 --> 00:56:11,440 and create the art and the story and 1390 00:56:16,230 --> 00:56:13,599 talk about the technology and the human 1391 00:56:19,349 --> 00:56:16,240 factors that it would take to go to mars 1392 00:56:20,789 --> 00:56:19,359 you can also do that without writing a 1393 00:56:23,030 --> 00:56:20,799 comic book and just come into the 1394 00:56:23,990 --> 00:56:23,040 competition and address those issues as 1395 00:56:26,630 --> 00:56:24,000 well 1396 00:56:29,510 --> 00:56:26,640 in our standard spirit of innovation 1397 00:56:32,069 --> 00:56:29,520 challenges we are launching today so 1398 00:56:34,470 --> 00:56:32,079 don't miss this opportunity to be at 1399 00:56:44,150 --> 00:56:34,480 comic-con with your own comic book how 1400 00:56:47,589 --> 00:56:46,470 well guys we are on the wrap-up i just 1401 00:56:49,910 --> 00:56:47,599 want to say thank you so much for 1402 00:56:51,750 --> 00:56:49,920 everybody to for coming here and sharing 1403 00:57:05,589 --> 00:56:51,760 this with us if we could give a special 1404 00:57:05,599 --> 00:57:22,230 you down